THE LOGIC OF STOICISM.--Stoicism existed as a germ in the Cynic philosophy (and also in Socrates) as did Epicureanism in Aristippus. Zeno was the pupil of Crates. In extreme youth he opened a school at Athens in the Poecile. The Poecile was a portico; portico in Greek is stoa, hence the name of Stoic. Zeno taught for about thirty years; then, on the approach of age, he died by his own hand. Zeno thought, as did Epicurus and Socrates, that philosophy should only be the science of life and that the science of life lay in wisdom.

Initiation into Philosophy by Émile Faguet A fantastic look at the whole history of Philosophy from ancient times up to the beginnings of modern thinking. Covers all the major philosophers and philosophical theories, as well as the historical interplay between religion and philosophy.

This volume, as indicated by the title, is designed to show the way to the beginner, to satisfy and more especially to excite his initial curiosity. It affords an adequate idea of the march of facts and of ideas. The reader is led, somewhat rapidly, from the remote origins to the most recent efforts of the human mind.

Émile Faguet, a well-known French writer, literary critic, and philosopher, by "Initiation into Philosophy" as a notable philosophical book. This book, published in the late 1800s, acts as an intellectual guide and introduction to the world of philosophy. The clarity and accessibility of Faguet's "Initiation into Philosophy" make complicated philosophical topics more approachable to a wider audience. The book offers an organized and systematic investigation of core philosophical concepts, theories, and significant philosophers, making it an excellent place to begin for those new to the topic. Faguet introduces readers to many fields of philosophy throughout the book, including ethics, metaphysics, epistemology, and aesthetics. He discusses the writings of famous philosophers such as Plato, Aristotle, Descartes, Kant, and others, providing succinct explanations of their contributions to the discipline. The book's emphasis on critical thinking and the value of philosophical inquiry in everyday life is one of its standout aspects. Faguet urges readers to examine preconceptions, investigate the essence of reality, and consider moral and ethical quandaries. "Initiation into Philosophy" demonstrates Faguet's confidence in philosophical thought's enduring relevance in understanding the human experience and struggling with life's essential issues.

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Initiation into Philosophy By Emile Faguet The aim of philosophy is to seek the explanation of all things: the quest is for the first causes of everything, and also how all things are, and finally why, with what design, with a view to what, things are. That is why, taking "principle" in all the senses of the word, it has been called the science of first principles. Philosophy has always existed. Religions--all religions--are philosophies. They are indeed the most complete. But, apart from religions, men have sought the causes and principles of everything and endeavoured to acquire general ideas. These researches apart from religious dogmas in pagan antiquity are the only ones with which we are here to be concerned. This volume, as indicated by the title, is designed to show the way to the beginner, to satisfy and more especially to excite his initial curiosity. It affords an adequate idea of the march of facts and of ideas. The reader is led, somewhat rapidly, from the remote origins to the most recent efforts of the human mind. It should be a convenient repertory to which the mind may revert in order to see broadly the general opinion of an epoch--and what connected it with those that followed or preceded it. It aims above all at being a frame in which can conveniently be inscribed, in the course of further studies, new conceptions more detailed and more thoroughly examined. It will have fulfilled its design should it incite to research and meditation, and if it prepares for them correctly. PART I. ANTIQUITY CHAPTER I. BEFORE SOCRATES CHAPTER II. THE SOPHISTS CHAPTER III. SOCRATES CHAPTER IV. PLATO CHAPTER V. ARISTOTLE CHAPTER VI. VARIOUS SCHOOLS CHAPTER VII. EPICUREANISM CHAPTER VIII. STOICISM CHAPTER IX. ECLECTICS AND SCEPTICS CHAPTER X. NEOPLATONISM CHAPTER XI. CHRISTIANITY PART II. IN THE MIDDLE AGES CHAPTER I. FROM THE FIFTH CENTURY TO THE THIRTEENTH CHAPTER II. THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY CHAPTER III. THE FOURTEENTH AND FIFTEENTH CENTURIES CHAPTER IV. THE SIXTEENTH CENTURY PART III. MODERN TIMES CHAPTER I. THE SEVENTEENTH CENTURY CHAPTER II. CARTESIANS CHAPTER III. THE ENGLISH PHILOSOPHERS OF THE SEVENTEENTH CENTURY CHAPTER IV. THE ENGLISH PHILOSOPHERS OF THE CHAPTER V. FRENCH PHILOSOPHERS OF THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY CHAPTER VI. KANT CHAPTER VII. THE NINETEENTH CENTURY: GERMANY CHAPTER VIII. THE NINETEENTH CENTURY: ENGLAND CHAPTER IX. THE NINETEENTH CENTURY: FRANCE

Initiation into Philosophy by Émile Faguet. The aim of philosophy is to seek the explanation of all things: the quest is for the first causes of everything, and also how all things are, and finally why, with what design, with a view to what, things are. That is why, taking "principle" in all the senses of the word, it has been called the science of first principles. Philosophy has always existed. Religions-all religions-are philosophies. They are indeed the most complete. But, apart from religions, men have sought the causes and principles of everything and endeavoured to acquire general ideas. These researches apart from religious dogmas in pagan antiquity are the only ones with which we are here to be concerned.