Primera edición en castellano de varias obras representativas de las doctrinas sobre la lucha entre el poder civil y el eclesiástico durante el papado de Bonifacio VIII (1294-1303) y Juan XXII (1316-1334). Los textos traducidos van precedidos de un estudio introductorio sobre el autor, el contexto polémico, la estructura del texto, sus fuentes y las posibles líneas de investigación. Son: Antequam essent clerici, Rex pacificus y Quaestio in utramque partem, escritos en la corte francesa; el Decreto imperial de destitución de Juan XXII, Cunctos populos; De principatu temporali de Mayronis, contrapunto de la Monarquía universal de Dante; la Confutatio de Guiu Terrena, primera refutación de El defensor de la paz de Marsilio de Padua; un capítulo del Gobierno cristiano de Santiago de Viterbo; y el anónimo De potestate Ecclesiae. También se presentan algunos escritos del reinado de Jaime II de Aragón (1291-1327) sobre la relación entre los dos poderes.

Magicians, necromancers and astrologers are assiduous characters in the European golden age theatre. This book deals with dramatic characters who act as physiognomists or palm readers in the fictional world and analyses the fictionalisation of physiognomic lore as a practice of divination in early modern Romance theatre from Pietro Aretino and Giordano Bruno to Lope de Vega, Calderón de la Barca and Thomas Corneille.

I Twenty-five years ago, at the Conference on the Comparative Reception of Darwinism held at the University of Texas in 1972, only two countries of the Iberian world-Spain and Mexico-were represented.' At the time, it was apparent that the topic had attracted interest only as regarded the "mainstream" science countries of Western Europe, plus the United States. The Eurocentric bias of professional history of science was a fact. The sea change that subsequently occurred in the historiography of science makes 1972 appear something like the antediluvian era. Still, we would like to think that that meeting was prescient in looking beyond the mainstream science countries-as then perceived-in order to test the variation that ideas undergo as they pass from center to periphery. One thing that the comparative study of the reception of ideas makes abundantly clear, however, is the weakness of the center/periphery dichotomy from the perspective of the diffusion of scientific ideas. Catholics in mainstream countries, for example, did not handle evolution much better than did their corre1igionaries on the fringes. Conversely, Darwinians in Latin America were frequently better placed to advance Darwin's ideas in a social and political sense than were their fellow evolutionists on the Continent. The Texas meeting was also a marker in the comparative reception of scientific ideas, Darwinism aside. Although, by 1972, scientific institutions had been studied comparatively, there was no antecedent for the comparative history of scientific ideas.

Colonial Latin America was famed for the precious metals plundered by the conquistadores and the gold and silver extracted from its mines. Historians and economists have attempted to determine the amount of bullion produced and its impact on the colonies themselves and the emerging early-modern world economy. Using official tax and mintage records, this book provides decade-by-decade and often annual data on the amount of gold and silver officially refined and coined in the treasury and mint districts of Spanish and Portuguese America. It also places American bullion output within the context of global production and addresses the issue of contraband production and bullion smuggling. The book is thus an invaluable source for evaluating the rise of the early-modern economy.