There is considerable interest in new methods to probe the chemistry and thermodynamics of enclosed combustion processes. Hyperpolarized xenon gas magnetic resonance imaging enables sensitive and noninvasive analysis of chemical composition and velocity within enclosed and opaque samples. By taking advantage of both the temperature sensitivity of the chemical shift as well as the inertness of xenon-129, temperature and velocity distribution images of an enclosed flame can be acquired. Previous attempts to analyze high-temperature combustion reactions using nuclear magnetic resonance employed two-dimensional exchange spectroscopy of hyperpolarized xenon and proton single-point imaging. In the present study, a homebuilt, water-cooled probe was fabricated, including electronics that are able to withstand high temperatures (approaching 2000 K). Hyperpolarized xenon is premixed with a combustible gas (methane or dimethyl ether) and meets with pure oxygen at an enclosed diffusion flame centered within a 15-mm (diameter) by 25.4-mm (height) insulated coil. A spin echo pulse sequence with velocity and acceleration compensated phase-encodes, is used to generate temperature-weighted, three-dimensional chemical shift images as well as velocity maps of the flame region. This technique can be applied to studying confined combustion processes such as microturbine engines on microelectromechanical systems devices.

Providing the first comprehensive book on the current state of hyperpolarized Xenon-129 NMR and MRI, this book is guaranteed to appeal to a wide range of scientists interested in this growing field. It is intended to create synergy between the various communities working with this noble gas. Covering all topics from the production of the hyperpolarized gas to its applications, the editors have invited a leading team of experts to combine the physical chemistry within the various topics and across disciplines. The scope will range from the fundamental aspects of optical pumping to practical aspects of hyperpolarizers and hp-xenon handling. The applications section will focus on hyperpolarized xenon-129 detected in the dissolved phase or micro porous media where the chemical shift of xenon-129 can be used as a diagnostic probe. Appealing to researchers in the biomedical field and materials sciences, this reference book will provide background reading and future looking material in one place.

Spirometry and plethysmography provide gold standard measurements of obstructive lung disease, although these are global measurements of lung function made at the mouth, of a highly regionally heterogeneous disease. Hyperpolarized 129Xe magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a non-invasive, non-radiation-based imaging tool for visualizing regional lung structure and function. However, the reproducibility of 129Xe MRI measurements has not yet been studied or determined. Hence, in this thesis, we evaluated the reproducibility of 129Xe MRI using quantitative measurements such as ventilation defect percent (VDP). We showed that 129Xe VDP had high intra-observer and inter-observer reproducibility for repeated scans acquired on the same-day and after 1-week and its reproducibility was comparable to that of 3He VDP. 129Xe VDP showed strong and significant correlations with pulmonary function tests. These results suggested that 129Xe VDP is reproducible over short periods of time and can be a reliable measurement to study pulmonary function in imaging studies.

How to use nuclear magnetic resonance imaging in chemical engineering. Written by the internationally recognized top experts from academia and industry, this first book dedicated to the topic provides an overview of existing methods and strategies to solve individual problems in chemical engineering. Written in a simple and lively manner and backed by various industrial examples, the book begins with a look at hardware and methods, continuing on to cover porous materials, fluids and flow of increasing complexity from different fields of Chemical Engineering, before finishing off with a review of reactors and reactions. The result allows engineers, industrial and academic researchers and decision-makers to gain a detailed insight into the NMR toolbox, such that they can estimate the benefit of NMR imaging with regard to cost efficiency and scientific results.

Annotation As a spectroscopic method, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) has seen spectacular growth over the past two decades, both as a technique and in its applications. Today the applications of NMR span a wide range of scientific disciplines, from physics to biology to medicine. Each volume of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance comprises a combination of annual and biennial reports which together provide comprehensive coverage of the literature on this topic. For those wanting to become rapidly acquainted with specific areas of NMR, this title provides unrivalled scope of coverage. Seasoned practitioners of NMR will find this an invaluable source of current methods and applications. Each volume of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance comprises a combination of annual and biennial reports which together provide comprehensive of the literature on this topic. This Specialist Periodical Report reflects the growing volume of published work involving NMR techniques and applications, in particular NMR of natural macromolecules which is covered in two reports: "NMR of Proteins and Acids" and "NMR of Carbohydrates, Lipids and Membranes". For those wanting to become rapidly acquainted with specific areas of NMR, this title provides unrivalled scope of coverage. Seasoned practitioners of NMR will find this an in valuable source of current methods and applications. Specialist Periodical Reports provide systematic and detailed review coverage in major areas of chemical research. Compiled by teams of leading authorities in the relevant subject areas, the series creates a unique service for the active research chemist, with regular, in-depth accounts of progress in particular fields of chemistry. Subject coverage within different volumes of a given title is similar and publication is on an annual or biennial basis.