SUMMARY This book provides complete coverage of surface and subsurface drainage of all types of pavements for highways, urban roads, parking lots, airports, and container terminals. It provides up-to-date information on the principles and technologies for designing and building drainage systems and examines numerous issues, including maintenance and designing for flood events. Practical considerations and sophisticated analysis, such the use of the finite element method and unsaturated soil mechanics, anisotropy and uncertainties, are presented. This book allows civil engineers to make the best use of their resources to provide cost effective and sustainable pavements. Features Presents a holistic consideration of drainage with respect to pavement performance. Includes numerous practical case studies. Examines flooding and the impacts of climate change. Includes PowerPoint slides which include quizzes, schematics, figures, and tables.

Pavement Engineering will cover the entire range of pavement construction, from soil preparation to structural design and life-cycle costing and analysis. It will link the concepts of mix and structural design, while also placing emphasis on pavement evaluation and rehabilitation techniques. State-of-the-art content will introduce the latest concepts and techniques, including ground-penetrating radar and seismic testing. This new edition will be fully updated, and add a new chapter on systems approaches to pavement engineering, with an emphasis on sustainability, as well as all new downloadable models and simulations.

This report describes the development of a complete pavement system which incorporates an open graded drainage layer to effectively remove infiltrated water. Candidate materials for use as open graded drainage layers were investigated using laboratory studies of flow characteristics and loading studies to measure accumulated deformations. The research team found that the required hydraulic conductivity of an open graded drainage layer must exceed 1,000 fpd for typical interstate design. For extreme conditions, hydraulic conductivity requirements may approach 5,000 fpd. Two standard Illinois DOT aggregate gradations, CA-7 and CA-11, were found to have hydraulic conductivities in excess of 5,000 fpd. Stability tests conducted on the open graded drainage layers indicate that stabilization with PCC cement or asphalt cement would be required if the materials were to be trafficked prior to final paving. Minimum PCC cement contents of 6% by weight of aggregate are required for adequate stabilization. Minimum asphalt cement contents of 2.5% are required. Observations of open graded drainage layer construction projects were made to document the practicality of construction. These observations indicate open graded drainage layers may be successfully placed if construction equipment specially suited to these materials is used.

This report presents a new method for analysis of the drainage of a saturated base. Starting from basic principles of water retention and flow in porous media, this analysis leads to some new methods for the estimation of minimum degrees of saturation, drainable porosities and drainage times. This study found that current practices in the FHWA subdrainage design manual tend to overestimate the amount of drainage from fine-grained bases and greatly underestimate the amount of drainage from coarse-grained bases. Also of importance is the ability to estimate the lowest degree of saturation that can be achieved through gravity drainage. The new methods for the analysis of pavement subdrainage are implemented in two computer programs: (1) SUBDRAIN - simulates the drainage of water from a pavement base that is initially saturated and provides estimates of the minimum degree of saturation in the field and key drainage times; and (2) SUBDRAIN-C - simulates the flow of water into and out of the base over a period of years - the inputs include a long-term record of 15-minute rainfall data and the output shows how often the base is likely to be saturated or nearly saturated.

Bring the tools of hydraulics and pneumatics to bear on key environmental challenges Hydraulics and pneumatics are essential tools in environmental engineering. Any area of engineering which deals with harnessing, managing, and controlling fluid and flow will find hydraulics and pneumatics indispensable, and environmental engineering is no exception. These two subjects, however, are rarely integrated in standard teaching and research resources, and there exists an urgent need for a work which brings them together. Hydraulics and Pneumatics in Environmental Engineering meets this need with a thorough, accessible overview of this vital subject. Written for advanced environmental engineering students and assuming a sound undergraduate background in fluid mechanics, this book otherwise provides everything needed to bring hydraulic and pneumatic tools and principles to bear on environmental engineering problems. With civil and environmental engineering only becoming more essential as communities grow and the challenges of climate change mount, the next generation of engineers will be amply served by this text. Hydraulics and Pneumatics in Environmental Engineering readers will also find: An emphasis on practical applications, often under-valued in civil engineering courses Detailed discussion of topics including Navier-Stokes, G-Value, incompressible flow, and many more Diagrams and figures throughout to illustrate key points Hydraulics and Pneumatics in Environmental Engineering is ideal for graduate and advanced undergraduate students in civil and environmental engineering, as well as for researchers and practicing engineers in need of a reference.