This Research Topic is part of a series with: Herbal Medicines for Gastrointestinal and Hepatic Diseases - Novel Pharmacological and Toxicological approaches, Volume II Ethnopharmacology deals with the exchange of knowledge about people's use of herbal medicines and their pharmacological effects. The information related to therapeutic agents of plant origin and their toxic effects was preserved by oral tradition as well as recorded in materia medica. Many drugs that are now available on the market have been developed from this valuable information. Today, scientists that specialize in medicinal chemistry use these existing herbal drugs to develop and produce more therapeutically active agents with less toxic side effects. The gastrointestinal tract (GIT) is a multi-organ system, consisting of bacteria, and digestive enzymes that have the capacity of degrading food and other molecules. Diseases associated with this organ system include peptic ulcer, inflammatory bowel disease, gastric cancer to name a few. The liver receives seventy percent of its blood supply from the GIT via the hepatic portal vein. The disruption in the gut–liver axis is associated with liver diseases including alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and autoimmune liver disease (AILD). NAFLD can cause non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, which can develop into liver cirrhosis through inflammation and fibrosis. Liver cirrhosis is categorized as an end-stage of chronic liver disease, which impairs innate immunity-related genes. Growing evidence from preclinical studies proposes that the gut–liver axis leads to targeted therapeutic modalities for various liver injuries. Therefore, therapeutic treatment of these conditions is essential to prevent progression to these more harmful late-stage diseases.

The global popularity of herbal supplements and the promise they hold in treating various disease states has caused an unprecedented interest in understanding the molecular basis of the biological activity of traditional remedies. Herbal Medicine: Biomolecular and Clinical Aspects focuses on presenting current scientific evidence of biomolecular ef

Access to accurate, evidence-based, and clinically relevant information is essential to anyone who uses or recommends herbal products. With input from some of the most respected experts in herbal and integrative medicine, this completely revised edition of the American Herbal Products Association’s Botanical Safety Handbook reviews both traditional knowledge and contemporary research on herbs to provide an authoritative resource on botanical safety. The book covers more than 500 species of herbs and provides a holistic understanding of safety through data compiled from clinical trials, pharmacological and toxicological studies, medical case reports, and historical texts. For each species, a brief safety summary is provided for quick reference, along with a detailed review of the literature. Easily understood classification systems are used to indicate the safety of each listed species and the potential for the species to interact with drugs. Enhancements to the Second Edition include: Classification of each herb with both a safety rating and a drug interaction rating More references listed for each individual herb, vetted for accuracy Specific information on adverse events reported in clinical trials or case reports Safety-related pharmacology and pharmacokinetics of each herb, including drug interactions Additional information on the use of herbs by pregnant or lactating women Toxicological studies and data on toxic compounds Representing the core of the botanical trade and comprising the finest growers, processors, manufacturers, and marketers of herbal products, the mission of the AHPA is to promote the responsible commerce of herbal products. The American Herbal Products Association Botanical Safety Handbook, Second Edition ensures that this vision is attained. The book will be a valuable reference for product manufacturers, healthcare practitioners, regulatory agencies, researchers, and consumers of herbal products.

Toxicological Survey of African Medicinal Plants provides a detailed overview of toxicological studies relating to traditionally used medicinal plants in Africa, with special emphasis on the methodologies and tools used for data collection and interpretation. The book considers the physical parameters of these plants and their effect upon various areas of the body and human health, including chapters dedicated to genotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, cardiotoxicity, neurotoxicity, and specific organs and systems.Following this discussion of the effects of medicinal plants is a critical review of the guidelines and methods in use for toxicological research as well as the state of toxicology studies in Africa. With up-to-date research provided by a team of experts, Toxicological Survey of African Medicinal Plants is an invaluable resource for researchers and students involved in pharmacology, toxicology, phytochemistry, medicine, pharmacognosy, and pharmaceutical biology. - Offers a critical review of the methods used in toxicological survey of medicinal plants - Provides up-to-date toxicological data on African medicinal plants and families - Serves as a resource tool for students and scientists in the various areas of toxicology

Drug-Induced Liver Injury, Volume 85, the newest volume in the Advances in Pharmacology series, presents a variety of chapters from the best authors in the field. Chapters in this new release include Cell death mechanisms in DILI, Mitochondria in DILI, Primary hepatocytes and their cultures for the testing of drug-induced liver injury, MetaHeps an alternate approach to identify IDILI, Autophagy and DILI, Biomarkers and DILI, Regeneration and DILI, Drug-induced liver injury in obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, Mechanisms of Idiosyncratic Drug-Induced Liver Injury, the Evaluation and Treatment of Acetaminophen Toxicity, and much more. - Includes the authority and expertise of leading contributors in pharmacology - Presents the latest release in the Advances in Pharmacology series

Nonvitamin and Nonmineral Nutritional Supplements compiles comprehensive information and recent findings on supplements found in today's market. The book focuses on non-essential nutrients, animal extracts, yeast and fungi extracts, and plant and algae extracts used as supplements. Readers will find valuable insights on the impact of dietary supplementation on human health, along with an understanding of the positive and negative aspects of each supplement. - Provides reliable information on available supplements to inform nutritional practices - Presents each supplement's sources, availability, health benefits, drawbacks, and possible interactions with other supplements, food or drugs - Serves as a guide to non-essential nutrients, plant and algae extracts, animal extracts, including bee products and shark cartilage, and supplements from yeast and fungi

This book contains data on over 150 of the most commonly used herbal medicines, dietary supplements and nutraceuticals.