El ADR es un documento extenso y tedioso. Por ello resulta imprescindible entender su estructura para así poder convertirse en una herramienta sencilla de manejar. Expedidores, ambaladores, cargadores/llenadores, transportistas, descargadores y explotadores de cisternas así como los Consejeros de Seguridad para el transporte por carretera tienen la obligación de formar cualquier empleado que intervenga en operaciones de expedición, embalaje, carga, transporte y descarga de mercancías peligrosas por carretera. Esta formación debe tener el siguiente contenido: * Sensibilización general, acerca de las disposiciones generales que aplican a cualquier actividad con mercancías peligrosas. * Formación específica, acerca de las tareas y responsabilidades concretas del personal que intervenga en dichas actividades. * Formación en materia de seguridad, acerca de los riesgos y peligros que presentan las mercancías peligrosas. Este compendio no pretende sustituir al ADR. Pretende simplemente ser una ayuda para la interpretación y comprensión del Acuerdo sobre el Transporte de Mercancías Peligrosas por Carretera (ADR) en su versión del 2009 al igual que presenta la normativa clave aplicable en nuestro país con el fin de tratar de facilitar el aprendizaje a quien desee iniciarse o renovar la capacitación de transportista de mercancías peligrosas (recordemos que a partir de enero de 2009 es obligatorio para todos los conductores que transporten mercancías peligrosas, sea cual sea la masa autorizada del vehículo), de consejero de seguridad para el transporte o formar adecuadamente a las personas involucradas en las operaciones de carga y descarga. Este manual consta de dos partes, un primer manual teórico donde se presenta el acuerdo ADR y la normativa española aplicable y un segundo manual donde se recopilan diferentes exámenes resueltos para la obtención de la capacitación de Consejero de Seguridad en el Transporte y preguntas obtenidas en la página web de la Dirección General de Tráfico para la capacitación de los conductores de mercancías peligrosas, tanto en su nivel básico como para su transporte en cisternas, para el transporte de explosicos o sustancias radioactivas. Deseo que sea útil.

Pharmacovigilance is the science and activities relating to the detection, assessment, understanding and prevention of adverse effects or any other drug-related problems. This introductory guide is designed to aid the rapid understanding of the key principles of pharmacovigilance. Packed full of examples illustrating drug safety issues it not only covers the processes involved, but the regulatory aspects and ethical and societal considerations of pharmacovigilance. Covering the basics step-by-step, this book is perfect for beginners and is essential reading for those new to drug safety departments and pharmaceutical medicine students. The second edition is thoroughly revised and updated throughout and includes a new chapter on clinical aspects of pharmacovigilance.

In this definitive new text, the major medicines, devices and vaccines used by women worldwide are brought together for the first time in a single volume. Written and edited by international experts with an evidence-based approach, the book offers a comprehensive summary of all the key areas of women’s medicines. In the first part, issues relating to female drug exposure and considerations for prescribing for subgroups of women - for example during pregnancy and lactation - are presented in the context of contemporary clinical practice. In the second part, specific groups of pharmaceutical products are reviewed, including oral contraceptives, emergency contraception, treatment of chronic pelvic pain, hormone replacement therapy, bisphosphonates, herbal medicines for women, contraceptive devices and human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccines. Every chapter reviews and summarises the efficacy and safety of each group of products and concludes with a useful set of clinical take home messages. In the third part, broader perspectives are presented - from a primary care overview of prescribing for women, through to regulatory, political and religious aspects, including issues with women’s medicines in developing countries. The final two chapters focus on risk communication and conclude that women themselves should be placed at the centre of all discussions about their medicines. The book is aimed at prescribers, other healthcare professionals and students in the field of women’s health throughout the world. It is an extremely valuable resource for all in clinical practice, for students of medicine, nursing, pharmacy and related sciences, and also for those in medicines regulation, pharmacovigilance and the pharmaceutical industry.

Risk management of medicines is a wide and rapidly evolving concept and practice, following a medicine throughout its lifecycle, from first administration in humans through clinical studies and then marketing in the patient population at large. Previous reports from CIOMS I - VIII provided practical guidance in some essential components of risk management such as terminology and reporting of adverse drug reactions, management of safety information from clinical trials, and safety signal detection. Beyond the detection, identification, and characterization of risk, "risk minimization" is used as an umbrella term for the prevention or mitigation of an undesirable outcome. Risk management always includes tools for "routine risk minimization" such as product information, the format depending on the jurisdiction, to inform the patient and the prescriber, all of which serve to prevent or mitigate adverse effects. Until this current CIOMS IX document, limited guidance has been available on how to determine which risks need "additional risk minimization," select the appropriate tools, apply and implement such tools globally and locally, and measure if they are effective and valuable. Included in the report is a CIOMS framework for the evaluation of effectiveness of risk minimization, a discussion of future trends and developments, an annex specifically addressing vaccines, and examples from real life.

A thorough exploration of the critical topics and issues facing family communication researchers today The Sage Handbook of Family Communication provides a comprehensive examination of family communication theory and research. Chapters by leading scholars in family communication expand the definition of family, address recent shifts in culture, and cover important new topics, including families in crisis, families and governmental policies, social media, and extended families. The combination of groundbreaking theories, research methods, and reviews of foundational and emerging research in family communication make this an invaluable resource that explores the critical topics and issues facing family communication researchers today.

This paper develops a model based on Schumpeter's process of creative destruction. It departs from existing models of endogenous growth in emphasizing obsolescence of old technologies induced by the accumulation of knowledge and the resulting process or industrial innovations. This has both positive and normative implications for growth. In positive terms, the prospect of a high level of research in the future can deter research today by threatening the fruits of that research with rapid obsolescence. In normative terms, obsolescence creates a negative externality from innovations, and hence a tendency for laissez-faire economies to generate too many innovations, i.e too much growth. This "business-stealing" effect is partly compensated by the fact that innovations tend to be too small under laissez-faire. The model possesses a unique balanced growth equilibrium in which the log of GNP follows a random walk with drift. The size of the drift is the average growth rate of the economy and it is endogenous to the model ; in particular it depends on the size and likelihood of innovations resulting from research and also on the degree of market power available to an innovator.