What you should know about the Covid-19 vaccines from top experts in the field. As the SARS-Cov2 virus emerged and spread globally in early 2020, unprecedented international efforts began to develop and test vaccines to control the devastating pandemic. This book focuses on the remarkable progress in developing vaccines, the amazing effectiveness of the early vaccines, and the challenges of delivering them to the population. To put this extraordinary progress into perspective, the history of other vaccines is presented and their roles in individual protection and protection of the community, “vaccines that protect the unvaccinated,” are outlined. The rigorous processes whereby vaccines are evaluated in distinct phases and the steps that must be met prior to obtaining regulatory approval for both vaccine safety and effectiveness are highlighted. Multiple vaccine approaches are reviewed, including new approaches such as “messenger or mRNA vaccine” that may revolutionize future vaccine development. The comprehensive models used to provide recommendations and priorities for vaccination of groups of people at risk are summarized. The book also focuses on the questions that remain unanswered after the vaccines are approved. These include duration of immunity, risk factors for vaccine failure, impact of viral evolution and variant strains, and assessment of both immediate and long-term safety. The authors also address concerns about vaccine acceptance including roll-out, access, and detailed and trusted sources of information.

Understand the Virus -- Explore the Immune System -- Discover a Vaccine -- Develop Vaccines -- Evaluate the Contenders -- Don't Count on the Magic Bullet -- Overcome the Hurdles -- Embrace Many Solutions.

The twelfth-century French poet Chrétien de Troyes is a major figure in European literature. His courtly romances fathered the Arthurian tradition and influenced countless other poets in England as well as on the continent. Yet because of the difficulty of capturing his swift-moving style in translation, English-speaking audiences are largely unfamiliar with the pleasures of reading his poems. Now, for the first time, an experienced translator of medieval verse who is himself a poet provides a translation of Chrétien’s major poem, Yvain, in verse that fully and satisfyingly captures the movement, the sense, and the spirit of the Old French original. Yvain is a courtly romance with a moral tenor; it is ironic and sometimes bawdy; the poetry is crisp and vivid. In addition, the psychological and the socio-historical perceptions of the poem are of profound literary and historical importance, for it evokes the emotions and the values of a flourishing, vibrant medieval past.

Discover the most essential and comprehensive information about the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, how to ward off infection, and safeguard your mental and physical health during isolation—from the award-winning science journalist and #1 New York Times bestselling author of The Fast 800 and The FastDiet. Dr. Michael Mosley has experienced the effects of coronavirus firsthand, as he and both his sons—medical professionals in their twenties—all became ill during the height of the pandemic in London. Now recovered, Dr. Mosley shares his insights and explains the science behind the greatest public health crisis of our time. From the emergence of the novel virus in China at the end of 2019 to its rapid worldwide spread, this clear, detailed guide provides you with a basic understanding of the virus, how it jumps from person to person, how it can be overcome, and the most effective ways to protect yourself and your family. Featuring in-depth interviews with leading doctors and virus researchers working on the front lines to defeat this microscopic enemy, COVID-19 also tracks the ongoing developments in finding new treatments and an effective vaccine—the only way to ultimately halt the spread of the virus. Offering highly readable, easy-to-digest information about this global pandemic, Dr. Mosley’s COVID-19 is the ultimate resource to help you feel better informed and take care of yourself as we all work through this global crisis.

This reference describes the latest advances in the development and design of an HIV preventive vaccine-detailing the pathogenesis and genetic variability of HIV infection for the construction of molecular and therapeutic strategies to reduce the progression and transmission of AIDS. With contributions by universally recognized authorities in the field, AIDS Vaccine Research discusses major obstacles in the identification of a preventive vaccine the role of innate immunity in management of HIV infection the impact of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) on AIDS research the creation of an effective mucosal DNA vaccine the effect of the AIDS epidemic on developing countries Offering nearly 2000 contemporary references to facilitate further study, AIDS Vaccine Research is a timely manual suitable for immunologists, virologists, pathologists, epidemiologists, pharmacologists, microbiologists, hematologists, hepatologists, AIDS researchers, and upper-level undergraduate and graduate students in these disciplines.

I have a dog. An inconvenient dog. When I wake up, my dog is inconvenient. When I'm getting dressed, my dog is inconvenient. And when I'm making tunnels, my dog is SUPER inconvenient. But sometimes, an inconvenient dog can be big and warm and cuddly. Sometimes, an inconvenient dog can be the most comforting friend in the whole wide world.

This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. To ensure a quality reading experience, this work has been proofread and republished using a format that seamlessly blends the original graphical elements with text in an easy-to-read typeface. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.