This cutting-edge book offers a theoretical account of the evolution of multiple memory systems of the brain. The authors conceptualize these memory systems from both behavioral and neurobiological perspectives, guided by three related principles. First, that our understanding of a wide range of memory phenomena can be advanced by breaking down memory into multiple forms with different operating characteristics. Second, that different forms of memory representation are supported by distinct brain pathways with circuitry and neural coding properties. Third, that the contributions of different brain systems can be compared and contrasted by distinguishing between dedicated (or specific) and elaborate (or general) memory systems. A primary goal of this work is to relate the neurobiological properties of dedicated and elaborate systems to their neuropsychological counterparts, and in so doing, account for the phenomenology of memory, from conditioning to conscious recollection.

Consciousness is undoubtedly one of the last remaining scientific mysteries and hence one of the greatest contemporary scientific challenges. How does the brain's activity result in the rich phenomenology that characterizes our waking life? Are animals conscious? Why did consciousness evolve? How does science proceed to answer such questions? Can we define what consciousness is? Can we measure it? Can we use experimental results to further our understanding of disorders of consciousness, such as those seen in schizophrenia, delirium, or altered states of consciousness? These questions are at the heart of contemporary research in the domain. Answering them requires a fundamentally interdisciplinary approach that engages not only philosophers, but also neuroscientists and psychologists in a joint effort to develop novel approaches that reflect both the stunning recent advances in imaging methods as well as the continuing refinement of our concepts of consciousness. In this light, the Oxford Companion to Consciousness is the most complete authoritative survey of contemporary research on consciousness. Five years in the making and including over 250 concise entries written by leaders in the field, the volume covers both fundamental knowledge as well as more recent advances in this rapidly changing domain. Structured as an easy-to-use dictionary and extensively cross-referenced, the Companion offers contributions from philosophy of mind to neuroscience, from experimental psychology to clinical findings, so reflecting the profoundly interdisciplinary nature of the domain. Particular care has been taken to ensure that each of the entries is accessible to the general reader and that the overall volume represents a comprehensive snapshot of the contemporary study of consciousness. The result is a unique compendium that will prove indispensable to anyone interested in consciousness, from beginning students wishing to clarify a concept to professional consciousness researchers looking for the best characterization of a particular phenomenon.

From the author of the groundbreaking book, Being Human, comes a radical new guide to personal liberation and transformation. Written by one of the world's leading authorities on nonduality and psychedelic experience, Martin W. Ball, Ph.D., Entheogenic Liberation is the definitive work on 5-MeO-DMT and its applicability to genuine enlightenment and freedom from the illusory prison of the ego. With wisdom and guidance culled from years of direct therapeutic work, this book lays out precise and detailed instructions and methodologies for working with the world's most powerful entheogenic medicine for the purpose of achieving liberation into the fundamental unitary state of being. Presented as a form of therapy, this work is free from metaphysics and speculation, articulating practical approaches for deep entheogenic work that can achieve radical and meaningful results. The ideas and techniques explored here could revolutionize the way people think of psychedelics, nonduality, human life, and reality in general. Provocative, challenging, and deeply insightful, Entheogenic Liberation is a must-read for anyone serious about liberation and the future of humanity - a future that is grounded in truth, or lost in illusion and the perpetual confusions of the human ego. Beyond the artificial construct of the individual self lies an infinite unitary state of love, awareness, and authentic being. By working to energetically unwind the unconscious artifice of the ego, the possibility of true freedom calls. Only you can liberate yourself. Are you ready? Contents include: The Prison Approaches to Engaging Psychedelics: Recreational Use Exploratory or "Psychonautical" Use Creative Use Problem Solving and Novelty Therapeutic Use Religious and Spiritual Use Sex and Sexuality Nonduality: The Ego Nondual Experience Nondual Experience as a Human Birthright Psychedelics/Entheogens and Nonduality The Radically Awesome Nature of God Working with 5-MeO-DMT: Considerations for a Safe and Secure Setting Finding a Good Facilitator Being a Witness Taking Five The Experiential Arc Visuals Spontaneous Reactivations Deeper Medicine Experiences Failure to Reassemble Breath Vocalizing Purging Spontaneous, Fluid, Symmetrical Movements "Mudras" and Hand Gestures/Positions Vibrating Afterglow Ongoing Emotional Releases Swinging the Other Way, Post-Session Whiteouts Challenging Reactions: Attachment to the Experience Self-Aggrandizement No, God/The Universe/the Medicine isn't "Calling" You Attachment to Providers Traumatic Experience Humpty-Dumpty Syndrome Mental Health Issues Displacement, Projection, and Attachment The Human Energetic System: Head Mouth and Throat Heart and Lungs Abdomen and Digestive Tract Genitals Energetic Structures of the Ego Symmetry vs. Asymmetry Thinking Clearly: Liberation through Unknowing Beyond the Body Loving Yourself - All of Yourself Personal Preference vs. Universal Love Letting Go of the Need for Control Religion and Spirituality "Natural" vs. Synthetic Being a Nondual Energetic Practitioner Couples Work, Relationships, & Sexuality Going Solo Legal Issues

The Evolution of Memory Systems sets out a bold and exciting new theory about memory. It proposes that several memory systems arose during evolution and that they did so for the same general reason: to transcend problems and exploit opportunities encountered by specific ancestors at particular times and places in the distant past.

This is the only book that examines the theory and data on the development of implicit and explicit memory. It first describes the characteristics of implicit and explicit memory (including conscious recollection) and tasks used with adults to measure them. Next, it reviews the brain mechanisms thought to underlie implicit and explicit memory and the studies with amnesics that initially prompted the search for different neuroanatomically-based memory systems. Two chapters review the Jacksonian (first in, last out) principle and empirical evidence for the hierarchical appearance and dissolution of two memory systems in animal models (rats, nonhuman primates), children, and normal/amnesic adults. Two chapters examine memory tasks used with human infants and evidence of implicit and explicit memory during early infancy. Three final chapters consider structural and processing accounts of adult memory dissociations, their applicability to infant memory dissociations, and implications of infant data for current concepts of implicit and explicit memory. (Series B)

Joaquín M. Fuster presents the insights of more than three decades of empirical research on the neural processes by which memory is formed, stored, and retrieved. In Memory in the Cerebral Cortex, Joaquín M. Fuster presents the insights of more than three decades of empirical research on the neural processes by which memory is formed, stored, and retrieved. Spanning the field from neuroanatomy to modeling, this book brings together all that we presently know about the role of the cerebral cortex of the primate in memory.

In Learning & Memory, leading researcher Howard Eichenbaum provides a new-fashioned synthesis of the contemporary learning and memory fields.