This volume contains a selection of papers presented at the second workshop on Evaluation and Planning held at Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Mediterraneennes (CIHEAM) in Valenzano (Bari) in November 1993. The workshop was financially and otherwise supported by the School of Engineering, Bari Polytechnic; the School of Agriculture, University of Bari; and CIHEAM. The publication of this book was made possible by to the efforts of the contributing authors. Several other persons have provided invaluable support for the workshop or the preparation of this volume. One of these is Patsy Healey for her fascinating challenge to Andreas Faludi's most recent arguments about rational planning theory. Another is John Friedmann whose lecture at the workshop presented world future scenarios depicting interaction between economic growth, social justice and ecological balance. Angela Barbanente provided marvelous support in organizing the workshop and editorial advice in the preparation of this volume. Jeremy Franks carefully improved the English and the clarity of all the papers. Carmelo Torre made a final editing of texts and images. We owe thanks to Maurizio Raeli for providing all the support services during the workshop and Claudia Baublys for her excellent help with various administrative issues with regard to the workshop and publication of this book. This book is dedicated to the memory of Professor Giovanni Grittani, Professor of Land Economics, University of Bari.

New to this Edition: Completely new lessons on "Theories in Environmental Sociology" (Lesson 2), "The Sociology of Environmental Health" (Lesson 11), and "Environmental Social Movements" (Lesson 18), written by new contributors, A brand new lesson on "Climate Change" (Lesson 15), written by a new contributor, A greater focus on issues of gender inequality and Indigenous peoples throughout, Updated data and examples in lessons, An invitation from the authors for students to post photos that represent the book's themes on social media, using hashtags linked to the book, An Instructor's Manual, available to all adopters, contains Discussion Questions, Suggested Media, and Additional Readings for each lesson. Book jacket.

Energy recovery from waste resources holds a significant role in the sustainable waste management hierarchy to support the concept of circular economies and to mitigate the challenges of waste originated problems of sanitation, environment, and public health. Today, waste disposal to landfills is the most widely used methodology, particularly in developing countries, because of limited budgets and lack of efficient infrastructure and facilities to maintain efficient and practical global standards. As a consequence, the dump-sites or non-sanitary landfills have become the significant sources of greenhouse gases emissions, soil and water contamination, unpleasant odors, leachate, and disease spreading vectors, flies, and rodents. However, waste can be utilized to produce a range of potential products such as energy, fuels and value-added products under waste biorefineries. A holistic and quantitative view, such as waste biorefinery, on waste management must be linked to the actual country, taking into account its socio-economic situation, local waste sources, and composition, as well as the available markets for the recovered energy and products. Therefore, it is critical to understand that solutions cannot be just copied from one region to the others. In fact, all waste handling, transportation, and treatment can represent a burden to the cities’ environment and macro and micro economics, except for the benefits obtained from recovered materials and energy. Equally significant is a clear and quantitative understanding of the industrial, and public potential of utilizing recovered materials and energy in the markets as these can be reached without exacerbating the environmental issues using excessive transport. The book explores new advancements and discoveries on the development of emerging waste-to-energy technologies, practical implementation, and lessons learned from sustainable wastemanagement practices under waste biorefinery concept, which will accelerate the growth of circular economies in the world. The articles presented in this book have been written by expert researchers and academics working in institutions at different countries across the world including Germany, Greece, Japan, South Korea, China, Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, Indonesia, Malaysia, Iran, and India. The research articles have been arranged into three main subject categories; 1) Resource recovery from waste, 2) Waste to energy technologies and 3) Waste biorefineries. This book will serve as an important resource for research students, academics, industry, policy makers, and government agencies working in the field of integrated waste management, energy and resource recovery, waste to energy technologies, waste biorefineries etc. The editorial team of this book is very grateful to all the authors for their excellent contributions and making the book successful.

Editor Richard K. Brail has brought together the wisest of the field's thinkers, the most inventive of the toolmakers, the most experienced of those working at the interface with real clients, and the most battle-seasoned practicing planners (and many of these individuals occupy more than one of these niches). Together they present a broad view of support systems, in-depth developmental histories of the most important models and tools as told by their creators, and a provocative, in-the-trenches critique of the state of the art.