A presentation of the formal underpinnings of object-oriented programming languages.

Although the theory of object-oriented programming languages is far from complete, this book brings together the most important contributions to its development to date, focusing in particular on how advances in type systems and semantic models can contribute to new language designs.The fifteen chapters are divided into five parts: Objects and Subtypes, Type Inference, Coherence, Record Calculi, and Inheritance. The chapters are organized approximately in order of increasing complexity of the programming language constructs they consider - beginning with variations on Pascal- and Algol-like languages, developing the theory of illustrative record object models, and concluding with research directions for building a more comprehensive theory of object-oriented programming languages.Part I discusses the similarities and differences between "objects" and algebraic-style abstract data types, and the fundamental concept of a subtype. Parts II-IV are concerned with the "record model" of object-oriented languages. Specifically, these chapters discuss static and dynamic semantics of languages with simple object models that include a type or class hierarchy but do not explicitly provide what is often called dynamic binding. Part V considers extensions and modifications to record object models, moving closer to the full complexity of practical object-oriented languages.Carl A. Gunter is Professor in the Department of Computer and Information Science at the University of Pennsylvania. John C. Mitchell is Professor in the Department of Computer Science at Stanford University.

by Luea Cardelli Ever since Strachey's work in the 1960's, polymorphism has been classified into the parametric and overloading varieties. Parametric polymorphism has been the subject of extensive study for over two decades. Overloading, on the other hand, has often been considered too ad hoc to deserve much attention even though it has been, in some form, an ingredient of virtually every programming lan guage (much more so than parametric polymorphism). With the introduction of object-oriented languages, and in particular with multiple-dispatch object-oriented languages, overloading has become less of a programming convenience and more of a fundamental feature in need of proper explanation. This book provides a compelling framework for the study of run-time over loading and of its interactions with subtyping and with parametric polymorphism. The book also describes applications to object-oriented programming. This new framework is motivated by the relatively recent spread of programming languages that are entirely based on run-time overloading; this fact probably explains why this subject was not investigated earlier. Once properly understood, overloading reveals itself relevant also to the study of older and more conventional (single dispatch) object-oriented languages, clarifying delicate issues of covariance and contravariance of method types, and of run-time type analysis. In the final chapters, a synthesis is made between parametric and overloading polymorphism.

* Includes coverage on .NET Generics, .NET 2.0. and coverage of both Open Source and Closed Source libraries and applications. *Based on C# code examples that work on multiple platforms (e.g. Linux, Windows, etc). * Focuses on solving problems in short and easy to digest segments.

An Essential Reference for Intermediate and Advanced R Programmers Advanced R presents useful tools and techniques for attacking many types of R programming problems, helping you avoid mistakes and dead ends. With more than ten years of experience programming in R, the author illustrates the elegance, beauty, and flexibility at the heart of R. The book develops the necessary skills to produce quality code that can be used in a variety of circumstances. You will learn: The fundamentals of R, including standard data types and functions Functional programming as a useful framework for solving wide classes of problems The positives and negatives of metaprogramming How to write fast, memory-efficient code This book not only helps current R users become R programmers but also shows existing programmers what’s special about R. Intermediate R programmers can dive deeper into R and learn new strategies for solving diverse problems while programmers from other languages can learn the details of R and understand why R works the way it does.

"Foundations of Programming Languages" presents topics relating to the design and implementation of programming languages as fundamental skills that all computer scientists should possess. Rather than provide a feature-by-feature examination of programming languages, the author discusses programming languages organized by concepts. The first five chapters provide students with a successful foundation for the study of programming languages. This includes topics such as the data structures, expression notations, and abstraction in chapters 2 and 3. Later, metalanguages are introduced for the formal specification of the syntax and semantics of computer programming languages. This material is presented in a manner that allows one to customize the coverage based on course need. Seyed Roosta also teaches paradigm-specific topics with special care, dedicating two full chapters to each paradigm. The first focuses on the specifications of paradigm, including an emphasis on abstraction principles to help students understand the motivation behind certain design issues. The second chapter discusses the implementation issues related to the paradigm, including the use of popular programming languages to help students comprehend the relationship to the design issues discusses earlier. Paradigms discussed include the imperative, object-oriented, logic, functional, and parallel. The book concludes with new paradigms of interest today, including Data Flow, Database, Network, Internet, and Windows programming.

This collection of top-notch articles by well-known experts brings together, for the first time, key elements of this area that are fast becoming the focus of much current research and practice in computing. About half the articles deal with theoretical frameworks, models, and systems of notation; the rest comprise case studies by architects of prototype systems who present findings on architectures verification. The emphasis is on advances in the technological infrastructure of component-based systems; how to design and specify reusable components; and how to reason about, verify, and validate systems from components. An introduction by Clemens Szyperski gives a snapshot of current research in the field.