Semiannual, with semiannual and annual indexes. References to all scientific and technical literature coming from DOE, its laboratories, energy centers, and contractors. Includes all works deriving from DOE, other related government-sponsored information, and foreign nonnuclear information. Arranged under 39 categories, e.g., Biomedical sciences, basic studies; Biomedical sciences, applied studies; Health and safety; and Fusion energy. Entry gives bibliographical information and abstract. Corporate, author, subject, report number indexes.

This work integrates analysis techniques common to destructive nuclear forensics and non-destructive safeguards in the radio-nuclear analysis of plutonium. This work accomplishes this task by applying deconvolution methodologies typical in alpha spectrometry to the analysis of LaBr3:Ce spectra. It further integrates and applies uncertainty methodology common to destructive chemistry laboratories to the nondestructive analysis of plutonium. In pursuit of this aim, an alpha spectrometry deconvolution algorithm is developed capable of determining the 241Am/Pu mass fraction in plutonium with about a 1% uncertainty with a 95% coverage factor. Results agree very well with published alpha spectrometry and mass spectrometry mass ratios. Model ages calculated from the 241Pu/241Am chronometer also agree very well with the historical separation dates for reference materials that have been well purified chemically. A sister program is developed capable of determining plutonium mass ratios in spectra obtained with LaBr3:Ce scintillation detectors. This method is capable of determining the mass ratios with total measurement uncertainties of about 16%, 26%, 10%, and 4% (k = 2) for the mass ratios (relative to 239Pu) for 238Pu, 240Pu, 241Pu, and 241Am, respectively for 15 minute duration spectra of reactor grade plutonium obtained at Los Alamos National Laboratory. Results for weapons-grade plutonium are somewhat worse with uncertainties for the mass ratios 240Pu, 241Pu, and 24Am of about 30%, 80% and 10% (k = 2), respectively. The primary issue with this work is a somewhat higher systematic uncertainty for 240Pu content in reactor grade plutonium for spectra taken by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). Further, a bottom up uncertainty methodology for plutonium non-destructive [gamma]-ray analysis is developed. Unlike the two primary plutonium analysis codes Fixed Energy Response Function Analysis with Multiple Efficiencies (FRAM) and Multi-Group Analysis (MGA), this methodology propagates uncertainty from many different contributors according to the Joint Committee for Guides in Metrology (JCGM) Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement (GUM) supplement 1. It is demonstrated this method yields very high fidelity uncertainties for 238Pu, 239Pu, and 240Pu content in unshielded coaxial spectra in high statistics spectra when compared to a top down analysis. Finally, this work develops a method to determine much improved plutonium photon emission intensities markedly different from the prior art. It is planned to incorporate these improved emission intensity values and derived uncertainties into the GUM uncertainty model for FRAM.

The 1990s saw significant developments in the global non-proliferation landscape, resulting in a new period of safeguards development. The current publication, which is the second revision and update of IAEA/NVS/1, is intended to give a full and balanced description of the safeguards techniques and equipment used for nuclear material accountancy, containment and surveillance measures, environmental sampling, and data security. New features include a section on new and novel technologies. As new verification measures continue to be developed, the material in this book will be reviewed periodically and updated versions issued.

This handbook serves as a guide to deploying battery energy storage technologies, specifically for distributed energy resources and flexibility resources. Battery energy storage technology is the most promising, rapidly developed technology as it provides higher efficiency and ease of control. With energy transition through decarbonization and decentralization, energy storage plays a significant role to enhance grid efficiency by alleviating volatility from demand and supply. Energy storage also contributes to the grid integration of renewable energy and promotion of microgrid.