This book provides researchers at the forefront of nonlinear optical technologies with robust procedures and software for the systematic investigation of the fundamental phenomena in nonlinear optical waveguide structures. A full vectorial electromagnetic formulation is adopted and the conditions under which simplification to a scalar formulation is possible are clearly indicated. The need to model the dielectric saturation properly is identified, and improved algorithms are presented for obtaining the complete power dispersion curve of structures exhibiting bistability. As the stability analysis of nonlinear modes is crucial to the development of nonlinear model methods, an effective procedure to investigate the propagation of the scalar nonlinear waves in 3D is another important feature of the book. All of the procedures described, as well as an automatic mesh generator for the finite element method, are incorporated into a software package which is included with this book.

This book provides researchers at the forefront of nonlinear optical technologies with robust procedures and software for the systematic investigation of the fundamental phenomena in nonlinear optical waveguide structures. A full vectorial electromagnetic formulation is adopted and the conditions under which simplification to a scalar formulation is possible are clearly indicated. The need to model the dielectric saturation properly is identified, and improved algorithms are presented for obtaining the complete power dispersion curve of structures exhibiting bistability. As the stability analysis of nonlinear modes is crucial to the development of nonlinear model methods, an effective procedure to investigate the propagation of the scalar nonlinear waves in 3D is another important feature of the book. All of the procedures described, as well as an automatic mesh generator for the finite element method, are incorporated into a software package which is included with this book.

Recent advances in the field of guided-wave optics, such as fiber optics and integrated optics, have included the introduction of arbitrarily-shaped optical waveguides which, in many cases, also happened to be arbitrarily inhomogeneous, dissipative, anisotropic, and/or nonlinear. Most of such cases of waveguide arbitrariness do not lend themselves to analytical so lutions; hence, computational tools for modeling and simulation are es sential for successful design, optimization, and realization of the optical waveguides. For this purpose, various numerical techniques have been de veloped. In particular, the finite element method (FEM) is a powerful and efficient tool for the most general (i. e. , arbitrarily-shaped, inhomogeneous, dissipative, anisotropic, and nonlinear) optical waveguide problem. Its use in industry and research is extensive, and indeed it could be said that with out it many optical waveguide problems would be incapable of solution. This book is intended for students, engineers, designers, and techni cal managers interested in a detailed description of the FEM for optical waveguide analysis. Starting from a brief review of electromagnetic theory, the first chapter provides the concepts of the FEM and its fundamentals. In addition to conventional elements, i. e. , line elements, triangular elements, tetrahedral elements, ring elements, and triangular ring elements which are utilized for one-dimensional, two-dimensional, three-dimensional, axisymmetric two dimensional, and axisymmetric three-dimensional problems, respectively, special-purpose elements, such as isoparametric elements, edge elements, infinite elements, and boundary elements, are also introduced.

Recent advances in the field of guided-wave optics, such as fiber optics and integrated optics, have included the introduction of arbitrarily-shaped optical waveguides which, in many cases, also happened to be arbitrarily inhomogeneous, dissipative, anisotropic, and/or nonlinear. Most of such cases of waveguide arbitrariness do not lend themselves to analytical so lutions; hence, computational tools for modeling and simulation are es sential for successful design, optimization, and realization of the optical waveguides. For this purpose, various numerical techniques have been de veloped. In particular, the finite element method (FEM) is a powerful and efficient tool for the most general (i. e. , arbitrarily-shaped, inhomogeneous, dissipative, anisotropic, and nonlinear) optical waveguide problem. Its use in industry and research is extensive, and indeed it could be said that with out it many optical waveguide problems would be incapable of solution. This book is intended for students, engineers, designers, and techni cal managers interested in a detailed description of the FEM for optical waveguide analysis. Starting from a brief review of electromagnetic theory, the first chapter provides the concepts of the FEM and its fundamentals. In addition to conventional elements, i. e. , line elements, triangular elements, tetrahedral elements, ring elements, and triangular ring elements which are utilized for one-dimensional, two-dimensional, three-dimensional, axisymmetric two dimensional, and axisymmetric three-dimensional problems, respectively, special-purpose elements, such as isoparametric elements, edge elements, infinite elements, and boundary elements, are also introduced.

Fundamentals of Optical Waveguides is an essential resource for any researcher, professional or student involved in optics and communications engineering. Any reader interested in designing or actively working with optical devices must have a firm grasp of the principles of lightwave propagation. Katsunari Okamoto has presented this difficult technology clearly and concisely with several illustrations and equations. Optical theory encompassed in this reference includes coupled mode theory, nonlinear optical effects, finite element method, beam propagation method, staircase concatenation method, along with several central theorems and formulas. Since the publication of the well-received first edition of this book, planar lightwave circuits and photonic crystal fibers have fully matured. With this second edition the advances of these fibers along with other improvements on existing optical technologies are completely detailed. This comprehensive volume enables readers to fully analyze, design and simulate optical atmospheres. Exceptional new chapter on Arrayed-Waveguide Grating (AWG) In-depth discussion of Photonic Crystal Fibers (PCFs) Thorough explanation of Multimode Interference Devices (MMI) Full coverage of polarization Mode Dispersion (PMD)

There is considerable interest in the study of strong nonlinear effects in integrated optics for use in optical switching. Nonlinear thin films have already been studied extensively by both analytical and numerical techniques. Only in more complex nonlinear waveguides, however, can one obtain very high power density for moderate input power through two-dimensional field confinement in a tiny cross-section.