The 3rd update to the Core Financial System Require. document, first issued Jan. 1988 by the Joint Financial Mgmt. Improve. Program, a joint & cooperative undertaking of several Federal government agencies to improve financial management practices in government. This update reflects changes in laws & reg's., such as the Debt Collection Improvement Act, & also adds requirements for two functions, Budget Execution & Working Capital/Revolving Fund. Also, some of the existing requirements have been clarified. These requirements remain the basis for the Fed. gov't. to test compliance of commercially based, core financial software. Charts & tables.

Swiss citizens approve of their government and the way democracy is practiced; they trust the authorities and are satisfied with the range of services Swiss governments provide. This is quite unusual when compared to other countries. This open access book provides insight into the organization and the functioning of the Swiss state. It claims that, beyond politics, institutions and public administration, there are other factors which make a country successful. The authors argue that Switzerland is an interesting case, from a theoretical, scientific and a more practice-oriented perspective. While confronted with the same challenges as other countries, Switzerland offers different solutions, some of which work astonishingly well.

Policymakers and program managers are continually seeking ways to improve accountability in achieving an entity's mission. A key factor in improving accountability in achieving an entity's mission is to implement an effective internal control system. An effective internal control system helps an entity adapt to shifting environments, evolving demands, changing risks, and new priorities. As programs change and entities strive to improve operational processes and implement new technology, management continually evaluates its internal control system so that it is effective and updated when necessary. Section 3512 (c) and (d) of Title 31 of the United States Code (commonly known as the Federal Managers' Financial Integrity Act (FMFIA)) requires the Comptroller General to issue standards for internal control in the federal government.