Experimental investigations of the scattering of sound by turbulence were performed in a wind tunnel. Turbulence was produced by grids of parallel circular rods (with diameters of 0.1 to 1.0 cm and grid meshlengths of 0.5 to 2. 5 cm); the sound frequencies covered a range of 100 to 500 kc. Disturbances of the measurements due to reflections of sound waves at the tunnel walls were avoided by the application of short sound pulses. The dependence of the damping of the sound waves on the sound frequency, the Mach number of the turbulence, the length of the sound path in the turbulent flow and a predominant direction of the turbulent eddies was measured. Theoretical predictions were confirmed and partly extended. In the range of the parameters which is of interest for practical use the most important results are the proportionality of the damping to the square of the sound frequency and to the square of the turbulent Mach number. Based on the measurements and the theoretical considerations, a formula is derived which is applicable to the damping of sound by turbulent scattering in the atmosphere. (Author).

This is an unparalleled modern handbook reflecting the richly interdisciplinary nature of acoustics edited by an acknowledged master in the field. The handbook reviews the most important areas of the subject, with emphasis on current research. The authors of the various chapters are all experts in their fields. Each chapter is richly illustrated with figures and tables. The latest research and applications are incorporated throughout, including computer recognition and synthesis of speech, physiological acoustics, diagnostic imaging and therapeutic applications and acoustical oceanography. An accompanying CD-ROM contains audio and video files.