This two-volume set LNCS 11625 and 11626 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education, AIED 2019, held in Chicago, IL, USA, in June 2019. The 45 full papers presented together with 41 short, 10 doctoral consortium, 6 industry, and 10 workshop papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 177 submissions. AIED 2019 solicits empirical and theoretical papers particularly in the following lines of research and application: Intelligent and interactive technologies in an educational context; Modelling and representation; Models of teaching and learning; Learning contexts and informal learning; Evaluation; Innovative applications; Intelligent techniques to support disadvantaged schools and students, inequity and inequality in education.​

This two-volume set LNCS 11625 and 11626 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education, AIED 2019, held in Chicago, IL, USA, in June 2019. The 45 full papers presented together with 41 short, 10 doctoral consortium, 6 industry, and 10 workshop papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 177 submissions. AIED 2019 solicits empirical and theoretical papers particularly in the following lines of research and application: Intelligent and interactive technologies in an educational context; Modelling and representation; Models of teaching and learning; Learning contexts and informal learning; Evaluation; Innovative applications; Intelligent techniques to support disadvantaged schools and students, inequity and inequality in education.​

A study of how Harry S. Truman ascended to the presidency and how he confronted the issues associated with bringing the office into the modern age.

Algae have been used since ancient times as food, fodder, fertilizer and as source of medicine. Nowadays seaweeds represent an unlimited source of the raw materials used in pharmaceutical, food industries, medicine and cosmetics. They are nutritionally valuable as fresh or dried vegetables, or as ingredients in a wide variety of prepared foods. In particular, seaweeds contain significant quantities of protein, lipids, minerals and vitamins. There is limited information about the role of algae and algal metabolites in medicine. Only a few taxa have been studied for their use in medicine. Many traditional cultures report curative powers from selected alga, in particular tropical and subtropical marine forms. This is especially true in the maritime areas of Asia, where the sea plays a significant role in daily activities. Nonetheless, at present, only a few genera and species of algae are involved in aspects of medicine and therapy. Beneficial uses of algae or algal products include those that may mimic specific manifestations of human diseases, production of antibiotic compounds, or improvement of human nutrition in obstetrics, dental research, thallassotherapy, and forensic medicine.

The question of masculinity formed a key part of the intellectual life of late antiquity and was crucial to the development of Christian society. This idea is at the heart of Mathew Kuefler's new book, which revisits the Roman Empire during the third and fifth centuries of the common era. Kuefler argues that the collapse of the Roman army, an increasingly autocratic government, and growing restrictions on the traditional rights of men within marriage and sexuality all led to an endemic crisis in masculinity: men of Roman aristocracy, who had always felt themselves to be soldiers, statesmen, and the heads of households, became, by their own definition, unmanly. The cultural and demographic success of Christianity during this epoch lay in the ability of its leaders to recognize and respond to this crisis. Drawing on the tradition of gender ambiguity in early Christian teachings, which included Jesus's exhortation that his followers "make themselves eunuchs for the sake of the kingdom of heaven," Christian writers and thinkers crafted a new masculine ideal, one that took advantage of the changing social realities in Rome, inverted the Roman model of manliness, and helped solidify Christian ideology by reinstating the masculinity of its adherents.

Providing a comprehensive and contemporary overview of the status of this particular genus, this book will be of interest to all those concerned with the study and uses of spices, medicinal and aromatic plants.

Cover -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- List of Illustrations -- Notes on Contributors -- Acknowledgements -- 1 The city and its regulations: Unexpected margins -- Part I Space and state regulation: The urban interstices -- 2 Markets and marginality in Beirut -- 3 The tremendous making and unmaking of the peripheries in current Istanbul -- 4 Resilient forms of urbanity on the margins? Al-Kherba: A vivid market in a damaged section of the medina of Tunis -- 5 Whose margins? Marginality, poverty and the moral geography of pre-Soviet Bukhara -- 6 On the margins of the city: Izmir Prison in the late Ottoman Empire -- Part II Diversity and moral policing: Making claims through marginalisation -- 7 'Texas': An off-centre district at the heart of nightlife in Odienné -- 8 The Manyema in colonial Dar es Salaam (Tanzania) between urban margins and regional connections -- 9 On the margins: Suburban space and religious deviancy in Jakarta and Kuala Lumpur -- 10 Ethnic differentiation and conflict dynamics: Uzbeks' marginalisation and non-marginalisation in southern Kyrgyzstan -- Index