Se ha realizado un estudio de prevalencia con objeto de conocer las caracteristicas de la poblacion portadora de cateteres vasculares (CIV). Tambien se ha llevado a cabo un estudio microbiologico en 139 CIV retirados por diferentes motivos, con objeto de conocer la puerta de entrada de la -infeccion, valorar la eficacia de los cultivos superficiales (piel y conexion) en el diagnostico de la infeccion asociada a CIV y comparar dos tecnicas de cultivo del segmento distal del CIV. La prevalencia de cateterizacion vascular fue del 17,1% y su prevalencia de infeccion (en base a criterios clinicos) del 15%. La infeccion del CIV se asocio de forma significativa con: infeccion en otro lugar de la economia (RR:6,2), estancia hospitalaria superior a 14 d. (RR: 3,1) y cuidados incorrectos del CIV (RR:4,4). Las puertas de entrada de la infeccion fueron...

Carotid Atherosclerotic Disease: Pathologic Basis for Treatment reviews the natural history of carotid atherosclerotic plaque and outlines different pathologic characteristics of asymptomatic and symptomatic carotid plaque with the intent to give a pathology-based rationale for assessment, risk stratification and decision-making therapeutic strategy of patients affected by carotid disease. Another section further illustrates - in a evidence based medicine format - the impact of carotid plaque imaging from high-resolution MRI to new Doppler imaging modalities and vasa vasorum detection to correctly assess plaque risk stratification. The new concept of a tailored stent for different plaque morphologies and usage of dedicated cerebral protection devices in presence of particular plaque features will be pointed up. The concluding section sheds light on future advancement in gene therapy and carotid arterial wall repair. This volume offers the reader all the basis necessary to shift from the old concept of 'when' to treat - based on simple luminal narrowing - to the new concept of 'who should be treated' - based on plaque and patient characteristics.

Infections are among the most frequent complications in patients with hematological malignancies and in those undergoing high-dose chemotherapy and autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. A profound knowledge on the epidemiology, diagnostic approaches, treatment modalities and prophylactic strategies is essential for the clinical management of these complications in patients who are often severely immunocompromised owing to their underlying diseases and in particular, the intensive myelosuppressive chemo and immunotherapy. This textbook provides a clinically oriented, compact and up-to-date overview on infections in hematology patients and their management. The typical pathogens to be considered in different subgroups of patients are identified and further aspects of the microbiological background are explored. Clinical, imaging, and laboratory-based diagnostic techniques are discussed and therapeutic strategies appropriate to different situations are then presented, with due attention to the pitfalls, toxicities and interactions that can arise during antimicrobial treatment. Strategies to prevent infection are also outlined, encompassing antimicrobial prophylaxis, isolation procedures, hospital hygiene, protective immunization and the use of hematopoietic growth factors.

The eighth edition of the acclaimed text Operative Pediatric Surgery continues to provide a unique level of comprehensive detail on the full range of surgically treatable conditions presented in neonate and childhood as well as in utero. Written by expert international authors, all chapters cover both minimal access and open surgery, with operative techniques illustrated by both high-quality colour line artwork, operative photographs, and a library of video clips. Encompassing the full range of pediatric surgery operations that both trainee and experienced pediatric surgeons require, this established operative guide is the standard reference for the pediatric surgeon and will ensure that they can access the most up to date and authoritative information to benefit their clinical practice. • ensures authoritative coverage of all aspects of pediatric surgery •includes the latest operative techniques •reviews alternative surgical approaches •aids visualisation by the inclusion of over 1000 illustrations •establishes total confidence

This volume offers extensive information on preventive and infection surveillance procedures, routines and policies adapted to the optimal infection control level needed to tackle today’s microbes in hospital practice. It especially focuses on preventive measures for serious hospital infections. Each chapter includes a practical section that addresses the main aspects of procedures and treatment, and a theoretical section that contains updated documentation that can be used for further study, or to help select infection control measures. Infection control concerns all healthcare professional working directly or indirectly with patients; in diagnosis, treatment, isolation measures, operations, equipment, drugs, cleaning, textiles, transport, porter service, food and water, building and maintenance, etc. Hygiene and environmental control is central to infection prevention for patients, visitors and staff alike. Good hygienic practices, individual infection control, well implemented and frequent environmental cleaning, and a high professional standard of hygiene in the treatment and care of patients, are essential to patient safety and a safe working environment. Addressing this essential topic, this book is intended for doctors, nurses and other healthcare workers, students in health-related subjects, hospital managers and health bureaucrats, as well as patients and their families.

This insightful volume opens new horizons for exploring modern therapeutic entities and emerging targets for combating the deadly disease of cancer. The authors provide a review of cancer along with descriptions of its molecular level mechanisms and emphasize the role of promising new therapies, including herbal therapies, that can be utilized for the treatment of metastatic diseases. The chapters look at specific approaches that have been researched and developed and that have almost reached the standardization stage, such as intracellular mechanisms, particularly phosphoprotein-enriched astrocytes and transthyretin proteins; CXCR4; autophagy-inhibiting drugs; spatiotemporal genetic analysis; tyrosine kinase inhibitors; and more. Also considered are advances in diagnostic systems like intra vital microscopy and molecular imaging.