This book describes EnvStats, a new comprehensive R package for environmental statistics and the successor to the S-PLUS module EnvironmentalStats for S-PLUS (first released in 1997). EnvStats and R provide an open-source set of powerful functions for performing graphical and statistical analyses of environmental data, bringing major environmental statistical methods found in the literature and regulatory guidance documents into one statistical package, along with an extensive hypertext help system that explains what these methods do, how to use these methods, and where to find them in the environmental statistics literature. EnvStats also includes numerous built-in data sets from regulatory guidance documents and the environmental statistics literature. This book shows how to use EnvStats and R to easily: * graphically display environmental data * plot probability distributions * estimate distribution parameters and construct confidence intervals on the original scale for commonly used distributions such as the lognormal and gamma, as well as do this nonparametrically * estimate and construct confidence intervals for distribution percentiles or do this nonparametrically (e.g., to compare to an environmental protection standard) * perform and plot the results of goodness-of-fit tests * compute optimal Box-Cox data transformations * compute prediction limits and simultaneous prediction limits (e.g., to assess compliance at multiple sites for multiple constituents) * perform nonparametric estimation and test for seasonal trend (even in the presence of correlated observations) * perform power and sample size computations and create companion plots for sampling designs based on confidence intervals, hypothesis tests, prediction intervals, and tolerance intervals * deal with non-detect (censored) data * perform Monte Carlo simulation and probabilistic risk assessment * reproduce specific examples in EPA guidance documents EnvStats combined with other R packages (e.g., for spatial analysis) provides the environmental scientist, statistician, researcher, and technician with tools to “get the job done!”

The new edition of An Introduction to Statistical Concepts is designed to help students really understand statistical concepts, the situations in which they can be used, and how to apply them to data. Hahs-Vaughn and Lomax discuss the most popular, along with many of the lesser-known, procedures and models, whilst also exploring nonparametric procedures used when standard assumptions are violated. They provide in-depth coverage of testing assumptions and highlight several online tools for computing statistics (e.g., effect sizes and their confidence intervals and power). This comprehensive, flexible, and accessible text includes a new chapter on mediation and moderation; expanded coverage of effect sizes; and discussions of sensitivity, specificity, false positive, and false negative, along with using the receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve. In addition to instructions and screen shots for using SPSS, new to this edition is annotated script for using R. This book, noted for its crystal-clear explanations, and its inclusion of only the most crucial equations, is an invaluable resource for students undertaking a course in statistics in any number of social science and behavioral disciplines—from education, business, communication, exercise science, psychology, sociology and more.

Data on water quality and other environmental issues are being collected at an ever-increasing rate. In the past, however, the techniques used by scientists to interpret this data have not progressed as quickly. This is a book of modern statistical methods for analysis of practical problems in water quality and water resources.The last fifteen years have seen major advances in the fields of exploratory data analysis (EDA) and robust statistical methods. The 'real-life' characteristics of environmental data tend to drive analysis towards the use of these methods. These advances are presented in a practical and relevant format. Alternate methods are compared, highlighting the strengths and weaknesses of each as applied to environmental data. Techniques for trend analysis and dealing with water below the detection limit are topics covered, which are of great interest to consultants in water-quality and hydrology, scientists in state, provincial and federal water resources, and geological survey agencies.The practising water resources scientist will find the worked examples using actual field data from case studies of environmental problems, of real value. Exercises at the end of each chapter enable the mechanics of the methodological process to be fully understood, with data sets included on diskette for easy use. The result is a book that is both up-to-date and immediately relevant to ongoing work in the environmental and water sciences.

ENVIRONMENTALSTATS for S-PLUS, a new add-on module to S-PLUS, is the first comprehensive software package for environmental scientists, engineers, and regulators. ENVIRONMENTALSTATS for S-PLUS provides a set of powerful yet simple-to-use functions for performing graphical and statistical analyses of environmental data, including parameter and quantile estimation, methods for dealing with non-detects, power and sample size calculations, prediction and tolerance intervals, and probabilistic risk assessment. ENVIRONMENTALSTATS for S-PLUS includes an extensive hyptertext help system that explains methods from the environmental literature and regulatory guidance documents, along with a glossary of commonly used statistical and environmental terms. This users manual provides the documentation for Versions 1.0 and 1.1 of the ENVIRONMENTALSTATS for S-PLUS module. Version 1.0 works under S-PLUS 3.3/3.4 and Version 1.1 works under S-PLUS 4.0.

M-STATISTICS A comprehensive resource providing new statistical methodologies and demonstrating how new approaches work for applications M-statistics introduces a new approach to statistical inference, redesigning the fundamentals of statistics, and improving on the classical methods we already use. This book targets exact optimal statistical inference for a small sample under one methodological umbrella. Two competing approaches are offered: maximum concentration (MC) and mode (MO) statistics combined under one methodological umbrella, which is why the symbolic equation M=MC+MO. M-statistics defines an estimator as the limit point of the MC or MO exact optimal confidence interval when the confidence level approaches zero, the MC and MO estimator, respectively. Neither mean nor variance plays a role in M-statistics theory. Novel statistical methodologies in the form of double-sided unbiased and short confidence intervals and tests apply to major statistical parameters: Exact statistical inference for small sample sizes is illustrated with effect size and coefficient of variation, the rate parameter of the Pareto distribution, two-sample statistical inference for normal variance, and the rate of exponential distributions. M-statistics is illustrated with discrete, binomial, and Poisson distributions. Novel estimators eliminate paradoxes with the classic unbiased estimators when the outcome is zero. Exact optimal statistical inference applies to correlation analysis including Pearson correlation, squared correlation coefficient, and coefficient of determination. New MC and MO estimators along with optimal statistical tests, accompanied by respective power functions, are developed. M-statistics is extended to the multidimensional parameter and illustrated with the simultaneous statistical inference for the mean and standard deviation, shape parameters of the beta distribution, the two-sample binomial distribution, and finally, nonlinear regression. Our new developments are accompanied by respective algorithms and R codes, available at GitHub, and as such readily available for applications. M-statistics is suitable for professionals and students alike. It is highly useful for theoretical statisticians and teachers, researchers, and data science analysts as an alternative to classical and approximate statistical inference.

Understanding the world of R programming and analysis has never been easier Most guides to R, whether books or online, focus on R functions and procedures. But now, thanks to Statistical Analysis with R For Dummies, you have access to a trusted, easy-to-follow guide that focuses on the foundational statistical concepts that R addresses—as well as step-by-step guidance that shows you exactly how to implement them using R programming. People are becoming more aware of R every day as major institutions are adopting it as a standard. Part of its appeal is that it's a free tool that's taking the place of costly statistical software packages that sometimes take an inordinate amount of time to learn. Plus, R enables a user to carry out complex statistical analyses by simply entering a few commands, making sophisticated analyses available and understandable to a wide audience. Statistical Analysis with R For Dummies enables you to perform these analyses and to fully understand their implications and results. Gets you up to speed on the #1 analytics/data science software tool Demonstrates how to easily find, download, and use cutting-edge community-reviewed methods in statistics and predictive modeling Shows you how R offers intel from leading researchers in data science, free of charge Provides information on using R Studio to work with R Get ready to use R to crunch and analyze your data—the fast and easy way!

A deep dive into the programming language of choice for statistics and data With R All-in-One For Dummies, you get five mini-books in one, offering a complete and thorough resource on the R programming language and a road map for making sense of the sea of data we're all swimming in. Maybe you're pursuing a career in data science, maybe you're looking to infuse a little statistics know-how into your existing career, or maybe you're just R-curious. This book has your back. Along with providing an overview of coding in R and how to work with the language, this book delves into the types of projects and applications R programmers tend to tackle the most. You'll find coverage of statistical analysis, machine learning, and data management with R. Grasp the basics of the R programming language and write your first lines of code Understand how R programmers use code to analyze data and perform statistical analysis Use R to create data visualizations and machine learning programs Work through sample projects to hone your R coding skill This is an excellent all-in-one resource for beginning coders who'd like to move into the data space by knowing more about R.