Electric power generation and distribution - Hear engines and heat exchangers - The Herat and geothermal energy - Origin of fossil fuels Fossil energy - Solar energy - Solar electric technology - Mass-energy transformations - Nucleosynthesis - Nuclear energy - Alternative energy: wind and water - Alternative energy: biomass and synfuels - Energy, economics, and environment - The twenty-first century energy mix.

Sustainable development is triggering a re-assessment of innovation and technological change in all fields, and energy is no exception. A key challenge of energy sustainability is to examine the range of credible potential pathways of combined social, environmental and technological systems under conditions of uncertainty, stagger, personal preferences and complication. Conventional energy resources essentially fossil fuels are becoming limited because of the swift increase in energy demand. This disparity in energy demand and supply has placed enormous coercion not only on consumer prices, but also on the natural world; this requires mankind to look for sustainable energy resources. Sreekanth. K J, PhD begins this book by first describing the energy efficiency and emission reduction characteristics of the road transportation sector in Chapter One. Chapter Two proposes the costs of renewable energy promotion and benefits through an analysis of the European case by Margarita Ortega Izquierdo and Pablo Del Río. Next, Chapter Three, by Jiang Yu and Zheng Fang, presents a review on residential electricity price policies in China. In Chapter Four, Fotouh Al-Ragom discusses the behavior change approach with a metric to promote and sustain energy efficiency. The Nigerian electricity market and its future is explained in Chapter Five by Karen Maguire and Kolawole Olaniyi. The institutionalization of the common gas market in the context of institutional evolution of the Eurasian economic union by Elena Shadrina is explained in Chapter Six.

An edited volume on factors determining success or failure of energy technology innovation, for researchers and policy makers.

Solar Energy Systems: Progress and Future Directions presents some new concepts and ideas regarding future steps in the development and progress of solar thermal energy. Preliminary results for advanced control of solar plants are presented using effective defocusing mechanisms.The authors discuss the sizing ratio of grid-connected photovoltaic systems and the relationship of this parameter with the maximum available power. Additionally, the optimum value of the sizing ratio of a grid-connected photovoltaic system is defined as one that maximizes the yearly energy efficiency in the photovoltaic installation considered.The concluding study makes a comparative econometric analysis on the relationship between the solar energy consumption that is produced by solar energy systems and the economic growth for the group of G-7 & G-20 countries. The econometric analysis includes panel data techniques with a chosen appropriate production function.

This edited book explicitly deals with the energy humanities, summarising existing knowledge in the area and outlining possible future directions for the nascent field. Assuming a variety of disciplinary stances and using a plethora of methodologies to address a number of pressing energy-related issues, the individual contributions showcase the crucial importance of including the humanities and social sciences into the current discussion on energy. Furthermore, they illustrate one of the central claims of the energy humanities, namely, that energy permeates all aspects of our contemporary modes of existence, and is inextricably linked with historical, political, social, ideological, and cultural issues, relationships, and practices. Through numerous case studies, Energy Humanities and Energy Transition looks to the past, present, and future in search of examples of best practices and possible models for pathways to a successful energy transition and life ‘after oilʼ. While much of existing research on energy humanities has been criticised for its excessive focus on oil, this book considers a wide range of energy resources, including nuclear energy, renewables, and natural gas. Furthermore, it brings to the forefront under-researched topics such as the colonial legacy inscribed in energy infrastructure and the energy history of the humanities. The contributions in this volume explore not only how the perspectives and expertise of the humanities and social sciences can alter the discourse on energy transition, and our way of thinking about possible solutions and future scenarios, but also how their new focus on energy affects the disciplines themselves. Energy Humanities and Energy Transition presents a variety of theories, methods, topics, and disciplinary angles, meaning it will be of interest to a wide audience, from practitioners and policy makers, to students and researchers working across the humanities and social sciences. The thematically oriented structure, distinct focus of each individual chapter, and the comprehensive introduction and conclusion that contextualize the contributions within the wider framework of energy transition, make this edited book accessible to readers from many different fields and suitable for various university programs.

This book discusses various renewable energy resources and technologies. Topics covered include recent advances in photobioreactor design; microalgal biomass harvesting, drying, and processing; and technological advances and optimised production systems as prerequisites for achieving a positive energy balance. It highlights alternative resources that can be used to replace fossil fuels, such as algal biofuels, biodiesel, bioethanol, and biohydrogen. Further, it reviews microbial technologies, discusses an immobilization method, and highlights the efficiency of enzymes as a key factor in biofuel production. In closing, the book outlines future research directions to increase oil yields in microalgae, which could create new opportunities for lipid-based biofuels, and provides an outlook on the future of global biofuel production. Given its scope, the book will appeal to all researchers and engineers working in the renewable energy sector.

For multi-user PDF licensing, please contact customer service. Energy touches our lives in countless ways and its costs are felt when we fill up at the gas pump, pay our home heating bills, and keep businesses both large and small running. There are long-term costs as well: to the environment, as natural resources are depleted and pollution contributes to global climate change, and to national security and independence, as many of the world's current energy sources are increasingly concentrated in geopolitically unstable regions. The country's challenge is to develop an energy portfolio that addresses these concerns while still providing sufficient, affordable energy reserves for the nation. The United States has enormous resources to put behind solutions to this energy challenge; the dilemma is to identify which solutions are the right ones. Before deciding which energy technologies to develop, and on what timeline, we need to understand them better. America's Energy Future analyzes the potential of a wide range of technologies for generation, distribution, and conservation of energy. This book considers technologies to increase energy efficiency, coal-fired power generation, nuclear power, renewable energy, oil and natural gas, and alternative transportation fuels. It offers a detailed assessment of the associated impacts and projected costs of implementing each technology and categorizes them into three time frames for implementation.