This book discusses recent developments in electroluminescent (EL) displays, in particular thin-film EL displays, which are all-solid emissive displays with fast response, wide viewing angle, high resolution, wide operating temperature ranges and good display qualities. First, the characteristics of four types of EL devices are presented, and the physics of ac thin-film EL devices are detailed, including ideal models, measuring and evaluation methods, high-field electronic transport and properties of phosphor materials. The book emphasizes recent developments in phosphor materials for color thin-film EL devices based on ZnS, SrS, CaS and CaGa2S4, and multicolor thin-film EL panels in four-panel structures. Other important features discussed are drive methods and reliability issues.

Covers principles, applications, and issues pertaining to all major elecro-optical displays presently in use, with discussion of display evaluation characteristics and human factor topics. Coverage includes: liquid crystal (LC) display properties, matrix addressing, and photoaddressing issues; time-

A huge revolution is emerging in the format and manufacturing process of electronic devices including displays brought on by the use of plastic substrates and printing technology. Flexible substrates enable large displays that can be freely bent, lightweight, and easily transported, as a result. In addition, the new technology has the potential of achieving various new devices such as e-paper, a new display medium, which epitomizes the advantage of hard copy paper; solar cells which are 1/10 the weight; sensors that can be completely embedded in floors and personal clothing.This report analyzes the latest trends in the technology and materials surrounding the manufacturing process of flexible electronic devices, with the above exciting breakthrough features.

The Fourth International Workshop on Electroluminescence (EL-88) was held at the Hotel Holiday, Tottori, Japan, October 11-14, 1988. This workshop was sponsored by the 125 Research Committee on Mutual Conversion between Light and Electricity, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, in cooperation with SID (Society for Infonnation Display) Japan Chapter, Tottori Prefecture, the Tot tori Industrial Technology Association, and the Foundation for Advancement of International Science (FAIS). The workshop EL-88 was a continuation of the series of international work shops held successively at Liege (Belgium) in 1980, Bad Stuer (DDR) in 1983, and at Wann Springs (Oregon, USA) in 1986. It brought together scientists and engi neers from universities and industry who shared a common interest in discussing electroluminescence and related topics. The number of participants reached 253; 49 from abroad (10 countries) and 204 from Japan. This is almost four times as many as in the previous workshop in 1986, reflecting the recent rapid development and progress of electroluminescence research.

Flat-Panel Displays and CRTs, a review of electronic information display devices, is the first sys tematic and comprehensive coverage of the subject. It is intended to distill our wealth of knowledge of flat-panel displays and CRTs from their beginnings to the present state of the art. Historical perspective, theory of operation, and specific applications are all thoroughly covered. The field of display engineering is a multidisciplined technical pursuit with the result that its individual disciplines suffer from a lack of communications and limited perspective. Many previ ously developed standards for, and general understanding of, one technology are often inappro priate for another. Care has been taken here to document the old, incorporate the new, and emphasize commonalities. Criteria for performance have been standardized to enable an expert in one display technology, such as liquid crystals, to compare his device performance with that offered by another technology, such as electroluminescence. This book has been written with a second purpose in mind, to wit, to be the vehicle by means of which a new scientist or engineer can be introduced into the display society. It is organized to be tutorial for use in instructional situations. The first chapters begin with first principles and defini tions; the middle chapters set out requirements and criteria; and the last chapters give a complete description of each major technology.

Electronic instrument panel displays systems covers the many technical considerations of instrument panel display systems including brightness, contrast, temperature sensitivity, space requirements, color capabilities and human factors concepts. As part of the Progress in Technology Electronics Series, this book contains 40 technical papers written in the last eleven years on the progress of instrument panel displays and their corresponding electronic systems. Papers are grouped according to display technology and present the most recent advances in that area plus several of historical interest. Electronic Instrument Panel Display Systems is divided into ten sections: vacuum fluorescent displays; fluorescent indicator panels; liquid crystal displays; electroluminescent displays; light emitting diode displays; electroluminescent displays; light emitting diode displays; cathode ray tube displays; head up displays; virtual and holographic displays; reconfigurable displays; and human factors considerations.

This book is a comprehensive review of the present state and future prospects of the displays used in entertainment television sets and in data terminals and personal computers. Such a treatment was deemed necessary because of the importance of displays in possible future communications services incorporating computer graphics and video. A few main conclusions are drawn. One is that modest-sized flat-panel displays will become commonplace where space is at a premium, such as on desktops and in kitchens or bedrooms. It is another matter to stretch these displays to several feet on a side, however. For the next five to ten years, these larger displays will mostly rely on optical projection. Thereafter, plasma techniques could well make large-area, flat-panel TV displays affordable.