The history of anatomy has been the subject of much recent scholarship. This volume shifts the focus to the many different ways in which the function of the body and its fluids were understood in pre-modern European thought. Contributors demonstrate how different academic disciplines can contribute to our understanding of ‘physiology’, and investigate the value of this category to pre-modern medicine. The book contains individual essays on the wider issues raised by ‘physiology’, and detailed case studies that explore particular aspects and individuals. It will be useful to those working on medicine and the body in pre-modern cultures, in disciplines including classics, history of medicine and science, philosophy, and literature. Contributors include Barbara Baert, Marlen Bidwell-Steiner, Véronique Boudon-Millot, Rainer Brömer, Elizabeth Craik, Tamás Demeter, Valeria Gavrylenko, Hans L. Haak, Mieneke te Hennepe, Sabine Kalff, Rina Knoeff, Sergius Kodera, Liesbet Kusters, Karine van ‘t Land, Tomas Macsotay, Michael McVaugh, Vivian Nutton, Barbara Orland, Jacomien Prins, Julius Rocca, Catrien Santing, Daniel Schäfer, Emma Sidgwick, Frank W. Stahnisch, Diana Stanciu, Michael Stolberg, Liba Taub, Fabio Tutrone, Katrien Vanagt, and Marion A. Wells.

Contentious Beliefs is the junction where spirituality meets religion and science to explain the mysteries of life. Contentious Beliefs is enclosed with beliefs that define God, the universe, and existence. Therefore, I urge you to read it with an open mind. Consider all possibilities. Do not discard its divinations without fully contemplating its debatable chapters.

In a world where nature's voice is slowly fading, "Sanctuary of Earth" offers a powerful narrative that echoes with the urgency of our times. This book delves deep into the heart of our planet's most vulnerable ecosystems, bringing to life the final struggles of the forests, oceans, deserts, and other natural sanctuaries that once flourished with untamed beauty. Each chapter is a poignant reminder of the consequences of environmental degradation, painting vivid pictures of wildernesses on the brink, where every sound, every movement, is a testament to nature's resilience against overwhelming odds. From the haunting silence of dying forests to the last whispers of a desert fighting for survival, "Sanctuary of Earth" invites readers to walk alongside the guardians of these fragile worlds. The book takes you on a journey from the depths of the ocean, where the last sentinels of the deep stand guard, to the final migrations across tundras and prairies, where the echoes of life persist despite the encroaching shadows of extinction. The struggle of bees in their dwindling hives, the fight of wildflowers in meadows against a vanishing wind, and the silent stories of glaciers as they melt into memory—all are captured in this deeply interconnected narrative that speaks to the resilience of life and the delicate balance we are in danger of losing. "Sanctuary of Earth" is not just a book; it's a call to action. It's a reminder that these ecosystems are not just stories on a page but living, breathing entities that need our protection now more than ever. As you turn the pages, you'll find yourself immersed in the symphony of the seas, the final stand of ancient forests, and the battle for the last gardens of Eden. This book is a reflection on the beauty that remains and a plea for humanity to recognize its role in preserving the last sanctuaries of our Earth before they are lost to us forever.

Public Poems testifies to the struggles of God’s estranged children (all human beings) to reunite with our Cosmic Parent (Hana Nim) from whom we were separated due to fall of first human ancestors. These struggles are manifest in contemporary experiences described in everyday, accessible language. This book contains no “poetic” speeches or calculated “difficulties”. I have no interest in displays of academic erudition to tittilate elite intellects. I’m interested in what Whitman calls “a new tongue” that expresses hopes, fears, dreams, dramas of ordinary people searching for true God, true love, true joy, true peace. The new tongue is democratic.