This is a Festschrift to honour Professor Melvin Greenhut who has long toiled on spatial economics. The book accordingly focuses on a single question: in what sense 'economic space' matters in economic theory. Space in economics is an elusive concept, apparently separating and embracing economic agents at the same time. This is why adding it to already overly complicated economic agents at the same time. This is why adding it to already overly complicated economic models may not necessarily help economics to become sufficiently realistic. In this book, leading scholars of international stature try to find ways of introducing space in economic theory which will make it simpler and more realistic, analysing theoretical and historical issues of contemporary relevance, such as land use, congestion and public goods, location theory and spatial competition.

This volume addresses profound issues in international economics, with contributions from leading researchers on the implications of trade. Empirical studies address preferential trading arrangements, global imbalances and exchange rates, facilitating an understanding of how the economy functions and enabling detailed policy evaluation.

The historic quest to rekindle the human exploration and colonization of space led by two rivals and their vast fortunes, egos, and visions of space as the next entrepreneurial frontier The Space Barons is the story of a group of billionaire entrepreneurs who are pouring their fortunes into the epic resurrection of the American space program. Nearly a half-century after Neil Armstrong walked on the moon, these Space Barons-most notably Elon Musk and Jeff Bezos, along with Richard Branson and Paul Allen-are using Silicon Valley-style innovation to dramatically lower the cost of space travel, and send humans even further than NASA has gone. These entrepreneurs have founded some of the biggest brands in the world-Amazon, Microsoft, Virgin, Tesla, PayPal-and upended industry after industry. Now they are pursuing the biggest disruption of all: space. Based on years of reporting and exclusive interviews with all four billionaires, this authoritative account is a dramatic tale of risk and high adventure, the birth of a new Space Age, fueled by some of the world's richest men as they struggle to end governments' monopoly on the cosmos. The Space Barons is also a story of rivalry-hard-charging startups warring with established contractors, and the personal clashes of the leaders of this new space movement, particularly Musk and Bezos, as they aim for the moon and Mars and beyond.

This book aims at a comprehensive discussion of economic space for social innovation, addressing especially marginalized groups and the long-term projects, programmes, and policies that have emerged and evolved within and across European states for more equitable, inclusive, and sustainable societies.

City planning is the key-stone to tackle the question of climate-change and to involve adequate action. In Part I of this book, the theory of space-economy is presented. Opening up a new conceptual and operational toolbox for policy makers, practitioners and scholars, the theory of space-economy is based on a rigorously structured thinking and acting in the field of sustainable urban planning and architecture. Europe has the greatest experience in sustainable city planning worldwide. In Part II, four of the most remarkable experiences (Vauban in Freiburg i.B., Kronsberg in Hannover, Western Harbour in Malmö, Hammarby Sjöstad in Stockholm) are presented, dissected conceptually and operationally a radically new way. The interest of the approach is not limited to European countries. In Part III is developed a project in Asia, in Ho Chi Minh City, faced with dramatic threats due to climate change and rapidly growing tidal and sea-level rise. Based on the experiences presented in Part II, the approach is integrated in this completely different context, thus becoming fully effective at a much bigger scale.

In the past decade there has been growing recognition that economic development is not mainly exogenously determined but, to a large extent, is a transformation process induced and governed by economic actors who respond to competitive, institutional and political challenge. This 'challenge and response' model is increasingly accepted as a valid analytical framework in modem growth theory and also explains the popularity of endogenous growth approaches to technological innovation issues. However, a major and as yet largely under-researched topic is the question of the diffusion and adoption of new technological changes in the context of space-time dynamics. This diffusion and adoption pattern has obviously clear spatial and temporal variations connected with behavioural responses which may vary over time and different locations. This means that a closer analysis of spatio-temporal opportunities and impediments is necessary in order to fully map the complex interactions of technology and economy in space and time. This volume sets out to bring together a collection of original contributions commissioned by the editors to highlight the spatio-temporal patterns and backgrounds of the diffusion and adoption of new technologies. Some are in the nature of a survey, others.have a modelling background and again others are case studies. The contributions originate from different countries and different disciplines. This book is complementary to a previously published volume on technological innovation, Technological Change, Economic Development and Space, edited by C.S. Bertuglia, M.M. Fischer and G. Preto, and also published by Springer-Verlag (1995).