Dioxins and Dioxin-like Compounds in the Food Supply
Title | Dioxins and Dioxin-like Compounds in the Food Supply PDF eBook |
Author | Institute of Medicine |
Publisher | National Academies Press |
Pages | 340 |
Release | 2003-11-21 |
Genre | Science |
ISBN | 0309167205 |
Dioxin and dioxin-like compounds, or DLCs, are found throughout the environment, in soil, water, and air. People are exposed to these unintentional environmental contaminants primarily through the food supply, although at low levels, particularly by eating animal fat in meat, dairy products, and fish. While the amount of DLCs in the environment has declined since the late 1970s, the public continues to be concerned about the safety of the food supply and the potential adverse health effects of DLC exposure, especially in groups such as developing fetuses and infants, who are more sensitive to the toxic effects of these compounds. Dioxins and Dioxin-like Compounds in the Food Supply: Strategies to Decrease Exposure, recommends policy options to reduce exposure to these contaminants while considering how implementing these options could both reduce health risks and affect nutrition, particularly in sensitive and highly exposed groups, if dietary changes are suggested.
Systems Biology in Toxicology and Environmental Health
Title | Systems Biology in Toxicology and Environmental Health PDF eBook |
Author | Rebecca Fry |
Publisher | Academic Press |
Pages | 285 |
Release | 2015-06-11 |
Genre | Medical |
ISBN | 0128015683 |
Systems Biology in Toxicology and Environmental Health uses a systems biological perspective to detail the most recent findings that link environmental exposures to human disease, providing an overview of molecular pathways that are essential for cellular survival after exposure to environmental toxicants, recent findings on gene-environment interactions influencing environmental agent-induced diseases, and the development of computational methods to predict susceptibility to environmental agents. Introductory chapters on molecular and cellular biology, toxicology and computational biology are included as well as an assessment of systems-based tools used to evaluate environmental health risks. Further topics include research on environmental toxicants relevant to human health and disease, various high-throughput technologies and computational methods, along with descriptions of the biological pathways associated with disease and the developmental origins of disease as they relate to environmental contaminants. Systems Biology in Toxicology and Environmental Health is an essential reference for undergraduate students, graduate students, and researchers looking for an introduction in the use of systems biology approaches to assess environmental exposures and their impacts on human health. - Provides the first reference of its kind, demonstrating the application of systems biology in environmental health and toxicology - Includes introductions to the diverse fields of molecular and cellular biology, toxicology, and computational biology - Presents a foundation that helps users understand the connections between the environment and health effects, and the biological mechanisms that link them
Seafood Choices
Title | Seafood Choices PDF eBook |
Author | Institute of Medicine |
Publisher | National Academies Press |
Pages | 736 |
Release | 2007-03-09 |
Genre | Medical |
ISBN | 0309133866 |
The fragmented information that consumers receive about the nutritional value and health risks associated with fish and shellfish can result in confusion or misperceptions about these food sources. Consumers are therefore confronted with a dilemma: they are told that seafood is good for them and should be consumed in large amounts, while at the same time the federal government and most states have issued advisories urging caution in the consumption of certain species or seafood from specific waters. Seafood Choices carefully explores the decision-making process for selecting seafood by assessing the evidence on availability of specific nutrients (compared to other food sources) to obtain the greatest nutritional benefits. The book prioritizes the potential for adverse health effects from both naturally occurring and introduced toxicants in seafood; assesses evidence on the availability of specific nutrients in seafood compared to other food sources; determines the impact of modifying food choices to reduce intake of toxicants on nutrient intake and nutritional status within the U.S. population; develops a decision path for U.S. consumers to weigh their seafood choices to obtain nutritional benefits balanced against exposure risks; and identifies data gaps and recommendations for future research. The information provided in this book will benefit food technologists, food manufacturers, nutritionists, and those involved in health professions making nutritional recommendations.
Toxicological Profile for Chlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxins
Title | Toxicological Profile for Chlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxins PDF eBook |
Author | |
Publisher | |
Pages | 624 |
Release | 1998 |
Genre | Dibenzodioxin |
ISBN |
Veterans and Agent Orange
Title | Veterans and Agent Orange PDF eBook |
Author | Committee to Review the Health Effects in Vietnam Veterans of Exposure to Herbicides |
Publisher | National Academies Press |
Pages | 791 |
Release | 1994-01-15 |
Genre | Medical |
ISBN | 9780309075299 |
Have U.S. military personnel experienced health problems from being exposed to Agent Orange, its dioxin contaminants, and other herbicides used in Vietnam? This definitive volume summarizes the strength of the evidence associating exposure during Vietnam service with cancer and other health effects and presents conclusions from an expert panel. Veterans and Agent Orange provides a historical review of the issue, examines studies of populations, in addition to Vietnam veterans, environmentally and occupationally exposed to herbicides and dioxin, and discusses problems in study methodology. The core of the book presents What is known about the toxicology of the herbicides used in greatest quantities in Vietnam. What is known about assessing exposure to herbicides and dioxin. What can be determined from the wide range of epidemiological studies conducted by different authorities. What is known about the relationship between exposure to herbicides and dioxin, and cancer, reproductive effects, neurobehavioral disorders, and other health effects. The book describes research areas of continuing concern and offers recommendations for further research on the health effects of Agent Orange exposure among Vietnam veterans. This volume will be critically important to both policymakers and physicians in the federal government, Vietnam veterans and their families, veterans organizations, researchers, and health professionals.
EU Maximum Levels for Dioxins and Dioxin-like PCBs
Title | EU Maximum Levels for Dioxins and Dioxin-like PCBs PDF eBook |
Author | |
Publisher | |
Pages | 105 |
Release | 2008 |
Genre | |
ISBN | 9789289333665 |
Abstract: The project "Review of maximum levels for dioxins and dioxin-like PCBs, impact on the consumer exposure and the food supply", was initiated by The Nordic Council of Ministers as one of their project to follow up the agreement from 2002 to establish a Nordic cooperation for dioxins and dioxin-like PCBs. The report gives an overview of the current legislations on dioxins and dioxin-like PCBs in foods, and summarizes how the dioxin risks have been assessed and handled in the Nordic countries. Data on dioxins and dioxin-like PCBs in different foods from the Nordic countries are presented together, as well as a comparison of dietary exposure. Several countries have lately carried out a risk-benefit evaluation to find a good balance between the benefit of eating fish and the need to protect vulnerable groups at risk. The report gives a short summary of the consumption advices given in the Nordic countries related to dioxins and PCBs. The project group has discussed the impact on food supply in the Nordic countries if the current EU maximum levels for dioxins and dioxin-like PCBs in food are reduced with 25%, based on Nordic occurrence data presented in the report. The present work showed that a 25% reduction of maximum levels would just have minor, if any, impact on food supply or exposure. The project group agreed on recommendations for use in the upcoming discussions when EU shall review maximum levels for dioxins and dioxin-like PCBs in foodstuffs
Dioxins and Health
Title | Dioxins and Health PDF eBook |
Author | A. Schecter |
Publisher | Springer Science & Business Media |
Pages | 718 |
Release | 2013-11-11 |
Genre | Science |
ISBN | 1489914625 |
This book originated in a series of cross-disciplinary conversations in the years 1984-1990 between the editor, who is a physician-researcher involved in clinical and laboratory research, and a dioxin toxicologist. During the years in which the conversations took place, an extraordinary amount of new scientific literature was published related to dioxins, defined for purposes of this text as the chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans, polychlorinated biphe nyls (PCB's) and other compounds that are structurally and toxicologically similar to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (2,3,7 ,8-TCDD), the most extensively studied and most toxic of this group of chemicals. Dioxins also began to interest not only chemists and toxicologists, but also specialists from diverse disciplines such as wildlife and environmental science, immunology, neuroscience,public health, epidemiology, med icine, government, law, sociology, and journalism. Specialists from such varied disciplines, while familiar with their own literature, frequently did not have time to follow the dioxin literature outside their specialty area. In addition, each specialty had unique knowledge, methods, and perspectives. Cross disciplinary conversation was necessary, but all too frequently, specialists from the various disciplines did not speak the same language, resulting in misunderstanding.