We are standing on the threshold of the robotic era, the fourth industrial revolution. The undeniable impact and consequences of robotics are already raising economic concerns, such as the loss of income tax revenue as robots gradually replace human workers, as well as legal doubts regarding the possible taxation of robots or their owners. Financial law must adapt to this new reality by answering several crucial questions. Should robots pay taxes? Can they? Do they have the ability to pay? Can they be considered entrepreneurs for VAT purposes? These are just some of the many issues that Dr. Álvaro Falcón Pulido lucidly and insightfully addresses in this fascinating new monographic work, which includes an exhaustive bibliography on the subject.

Esta monografía sobre derecho de tokens y tokenomics muestra los avances en el derecho de tokens americano y europeo, haciendo hincapié en las cuestiones esenciales que plantea la nueva Estrategia de Finanzas Digitales para DeFi y para los mercados de tokens, englobando las tres Propuestas de Regulaciones.

The 1958 New York Convention has been called the most effective instance of international legislation in the entire history of commercial law. However, the succinct text of the Convention leaves open a host of significant and complex questions, which may be, and have been, answered in a variety of ways; as difficult cases arise and demand solutions, they generate inconsistent outcomes. For all its remarkable success, the Convention has on occasion proved itself to be unreliable and unpredictable. This book simultaneously exposes the difficulties of the Convention and explores potential solutions. It examines each substantive article of the New York Convention in accordance with the following outline: • the text and its issues; • original intent; • the prism of the rules of interpretation of the Vienna Convention; • judicial outcomes; and • appraisal. By drawing on the Convention's drafting history in great detail, the book presents a coherent account of how the most frequently recurring interrogations about the text are reflected (or not) in judicial practice. The author studied more than 1,700 decisions rendered under the Convention since its inception in 1958 in order to provide a succinct selection of landmark cases per article. With its intense investigation of the complex reality underlying contracting States' commitment in principle and judicial application in fact, the author's judicial understanding of the Convention provides a clear conceptual framework that will help avoid outcomes at odds with the purposes of this important instrument. Lawyers and judges will rely on this book not only to situate the Convention in the national legal orders where it is intended to produce its effects, but also discover practical ways to respond to distinct questions of application.

La cuarta revolución, la digital, nace por impulso de un nuevo marco tecnológico que se pone al servicio de las relaciones sociales en su sentido más amplio, innovando los esquemas de desarrollo de los negocios. El reciente lanzamiento de la criptomoneda Libra por parte de la big-high-tech Facebook, es la expresión más precisa del nuevo paradigma empresarial. Es la empresa plataforma, que del ámbito de fomento de las relaciones sociales irrumpe en el entorno financiero -fintech-, con los usuarios de la red social como potenciales clientes de la criptomoneda. La digitalización explica estas nuevas formas de hacer negocios y, por este motivo, trasciende al campo jurídico en el ámbito de instituciones clásicas del Derecho Mercantil. La obra respeta un esquema doctrinal tradicional para ordenar el ámbito de estudio. La pretensión es hilar estas señaladas tecnologías disruptivas con referencias ya conocidas, al objeto de analizar el alcance de la evolución o la naturaleza disruptiva como nuevo paradigma. Este actual contexto tecnológico no debe poner en riesgo el acervo axiológico vinculado a la Economía Social de Mercado como representación constitucional del modelo de sociedad. Las herramientas digitales en su proyección sobre el tráfico económico deben estar al servicio de la dignidad y libertad del ser humano en un contexto de desarrollo sostenible como valor universal, siendo esta tarea una función esencial del jurista y de la Ciencia Jurídica. Esta obra se pone a servicio de estos valores, contribuyendo al acervo de los trabajos que proponen analizar los avances digitales y adaptarlos a las mencionadas exigencias de política jurídica.