Digital imaging techniques have been rapidly adopted within archaeology and cultural heritage practice for the accurate documentation of cultural artefacts. But what is a digital image, and how does it relate to digital photography? The authors of this book take a critical look at the practice and techniques of digital imaging from the stance of digital archaeologists, cultural heritage practitioners and digital artists. Borrowing from the feminist scholar Karen Barad, the authors ask what happens when we diffract the formal techniques of archaeological digital imaging through a different set of disciplinary concerns and practices. Diffracting exposes the differences between archaeologists, heritage practitioners and artists, and foregrounds how their differing practices and approaches enrich and inform each other. How might the digital imaging techniques used by archaeologists be adopted by digital artists, and what are the potentials associated with this adoption? Under the gaze of fine artists, what happens to the fidelity of the digital images made by archaeologists, and what new questions do we ask of the digital image? How can the critical approaches and practices of fine artists inform the future practice of digital imaging in archaeology and cultural heritage? Diffracting Digital Images will be of interest to students and scholars in archaeology, cultural heritage studies, anthropology, fine art, digital humanities, and media theory.

This authoritative text (the second part of a complete MSc course) provides mathematical methods required to describe images, image formation and different imaging systems, coupled with the principle techniques used for processing digital images. It is based on a course for postgraduates reading physics, electronic engineering, telecommunications engineering, information technology and computer science. This book relates the methods of processing and interpreting digital images to the 'physics' of imaging systems. Case studies reinforce the methods discussed, with examples of current research themes. - Provides mathematical methods required to describe images, image formation and different imaging systems - Outlines the principle techniques used for processing digital images - Relates the methods of processing and interpreting digital images to the 'physics' of imaging systems

The market demands for skills, knowledge and personalities have positioned robotics as an important field in both engineering and science. To meet these challenging - mands, robotics has already seen its success in automating many industrial tasks in factories. And, a new era will come for us to see a greater success of robotics in n- industrial environments. In anticipating a wider deployment of intelligent and auto- mous robots for tasks such as manufacturing, eldercare, homecare, edutainment, search and rescue, de-mining, surveillance, exploration, and security missions, it is necessary for us to push the frontier of robotics into a new dimension, in which motion and intelligence play equally important roles. After the success of the inaugural conference, the purpose of the Second Inter- tional Conference on Intelligent Robotics and Applications was to provide a venue where researchers, scientists, engineers and practitioners throughout the world could come together to present and discuss the latest achievement, future challenges and exciting applications of intelligent and autonomous robots. In particular, the emphasis of this year’s conference was on “robot intelligence for achieving digital manufact- ing and intelligent automations. ” This volume of Springer’s Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Computer Science contains accepted papers presented at ICIRA 2009, held in Singapore, December 16–18, 2009. On the basis of the reviews and recommendations by the international Program Committee members, we decided to accept 128 papers having technical novelty, out of 173 submissions received from different parts of the world.

This hand book is concerned with optical imaging – from simple pinhole cameras to complex imaging systems. It spans the range all the way from optical physics to technical optics. Based on ray- and wave-optical approaches complemented by principles of Fourier optics, the book discusses the process of imaging from the beginning until image capture where, in particular, the different topics are well integrated with each other. Different imaging systems and sensors are reviewed as well as lenses and aberrations, image intensification and processing. The second and enlarged edition has been updated by actual developments and complemented by the topic of smart phone camera photography. The latter plays an important role today in the field of optical imaging and represents a fully integrated optical system with potential for further new developments. For physicists, natural scientists, engineers, photographers and microscopists on one side and students of physics, natural sciences or engineering in general on the other side, the books provides an introduction into the complex field of optical imaging. For all of them with practical experience the book conveys a deeper insight into the intricacies and quality assessment of their daily used devices.

Advances in Imaging and Electron Physics merges two long-running serials--Advances in Electronics and Electron Physics and Advances in Optical & Electron Microscopy. It features extended articles onthe physics of electron devices (especially semiconductor devices), particle optics at high and low energies, microlithography, image science and digital image processing, electromagnetic wave propagation, electron microscopy, and the computing methods used in all these domains.

Written by senior compositor, technical director and master trainer Steve Wright, this book condenses years of production experience into an easy-to-read and highly-informative guide suitable for both working and aspiring visual effects artists. This expanded and updated edition of Digital Compositing for Film and Video addresses the problems and difficult choices that professional compositors face on a daily basis with an elegant blend of theory, practical production techniques and workflows. It is written to be software-agnostic, so it is applicable to any brand of software. This edition features many step-by-step workflows, powerful new keying techniques and updates on the latest tech in the visual effects industry. Workflow examples for: Grain Management Lens Distortion Management Merging CGI Render Passes Blending Multiple Keys Photorealistic Color Correction Rotoscoping Production Techniques for: Keying Difficult Greenscreens Replicating Optical Lens Effects Advanced Spill Suppression Fixing Discoloured Edges Adding Interactive Lighting Managing Motion Blur With brand new information on: Working in linear ACES Color Management Light Field Cinematography Planar Tracking Creating Color Difference Keys Premultiply vs. Unpremultiply Deep Compositing VR Stitching 3D Compositing from 2D Images How Color Correction ops Effect Images Color Spaces Retiming Clips Working with Digital Cinema Images OpenColorIO A companion website offers images from the examples discussed in the book allowing readers to experiment with the material first-hand.