In April 2001, the Japanese Cancer Association was privileged to host a symposium in Kyoto to commemorate the twentieth anniversary of the discovery of the viral pathogenesis of adult T-cell leukemia (ATL). In this monograph, the editors have selected not only papers presented at the symposium but also eminent papers of several individuals from around the world who have extensively researched human T-cell-leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I), the etiological virus of ATL, over the years. During the last two decades, HTLV-I was molecularly characterized as harboring a variety of oncogenic properties in its Tax protein. Epidemiological studies not only revealed the existence of HTLV-I-endemic areas in the world, but also disclosed the routes of transmission. Despite these great strides, the mechanisms of ATL development have not yet been fully clarified, and viable therapeutic measures are still to be established. This monograph contains recent exciting achievements in molecular virology, epidemiology, immunology and therapeutic trials as well as historical profiles of HTLV-I and HTLV-I-associated diseases.

DMSO A True Wonder Drug DMSO is a natural chemical compound derived from trees as a by-product from paper manufacturing. DMSO has been called a new medical principle and a true wonder drug. It has proven effective, either by itself or in combination with other products in the treatment of nearly every ailment known. There has been much controversy about DMSO over the last 50 years. It is one of the most studied medical products ever. Thousands of scientific articles have been written about DMSO. When used properly it is one of the safest products know. It is also very cheap to produce. This book provides the documentation needed to show that DMSO is probably the most important product ever for the relief of human suffering. ****** Archie is quite clearly a leading authorithy on DMSO. He has extensive knowledge and experience regarding the clinical benefits of DMSO treatment. For decades, Archie has studied and worked with DMSO. He understands the safety, utility and efficaciousness of DMSO. I highly recommend this book for anyone interested in health, especially for those who want to learn more about non toxic medical therapies. For individuals with certain health ailments, DMSO could prove quite benefical. -Daniel Junck, MD

This volume in the Handbook of Clinical Neurology series provides a complete review of the history, science and current state of neurovirology. It covers the science and clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of viruses of the brain and central nervous system, and is a trusted resource for scholars, scientists, neuroscientists, neurologists, virologists, and pharmacologists working on neurovirology. Neurovirology has been significantly bolstered by modern technologies such as PCR and MRI with direct impact on isolating viruses and advancing therapeutics based on molecular medicine. These advances are particularly important today with the introduction of emerging and re-emerging diseases such as HIV/AIDS, Nipah encephalitis and the appearance of West Nile encephalitis in the western hemisphere. Detailed coverage of neurovirology from the basic science to clinical presentation Covers advances in neurovirology via polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and MRI technology Covers emerging and re-emerging diseases including HIV/AIDS, Nipah encephalitis, and the appearance of West Nile encephalitis in the western hemisphere

A page-turning novel that is also an exploration of the great philosophical concepts of Western thought, Jostein Gaarder's Sophie's World has fired the imagination of readers all over the world, with more than twenty million copies in print. One day fourteen-year-old Sophie Amundsen comes home from school to find in her mailbox two notes, with one question on each: "Who are you?" and "Where does the world come from?" From that irresistible beginning, Sophie becomes obsessed with questions that take her far beyond what she knows of her Norwegian village. Through those letters, she enrolls in a kind of correspondence course, covering Socrates to Sartre, with a mysterious philosopher, while receiving letters addressed to another girl. Who is Hilde? And why does her mail keep turning up? To unravel this riddle, Sophie must use the philosophy she is learning—but the truth turns out to be far more complicated than she could have imagined.

Most research on framing has focused on media and elite frames: the ways that the mass media and politicians present information about issues and events to the public. Until now, the process by which citizens’ opinions may affect the initial frame-building process has been largely ignored. The two-way flow of influence between public opinion and decision-makers has been analyzed more from a top-down than a bottom-up perspective. Olmastroni addresses this issue by introducing a cyclical model of framing. Additionally, most empirical studies on media framing have centered on the United States. Olmastroni’s text seeks to overcome this limitation of prior research by examining different types of framing in three different countries. Framing War uses the recent war on Iraq as a case study, focusing on the elite and media framing of this event in order to examine the interaction between the political elite and the mass public in three Western democracies—France, Italy, and the US—during the early and on-going stages of the military crisis. The book analyzes whether and, potentially, the extent to which decision-makers tracked and responded to public opinion in presenting their foreign policy choices. It examines the strategies and approaches that governments potentially adopted to influence public opinion towards either the need for or the lack of need for a military intervention. By representing the framing paradigm as a cycle, Olmastroni shows how each actor within the system (i.e., government and other elites, news media, and public opinion) is linked to the others and contributes to the final representation of an issue. In contrast with other theoretical perspectives of framing, this book states that the framing influence does not only proceed from the government to the public, but it often moves at the same level of the system, with each actor playing different roles. Olmastroni’s insights on framing are significant for researchers in international relations, political communication, public opinion, comparative politics, and political psychology, as well as policy analysts, journalists, and commentators.

This is a definitive guide to the diagnosis and medical and surgical treatment of intracranial and intraspinal infections. The book brings together, in one source, information on management of central nervous system infections, particularly neurosurgical management. Coverage includes state-of-the-art guidelines on imaging of central nervous system infections, data on outcome, and treatment strategies for HIV-associated infections and infections in immunosupressed hosts.