Continuous casting is an industrial process whereby molten metal is solidified into a semi-finished billet, bloom, or slab for subsequent rolling in finishing mills; it is the most frequently used process to cast not only steel, but also aluminium and copper alloys. Since its widespread introduction for steel in the 1950s, it has evolved to achieve improved yield, quality, productivity and cost efficiency. It allows lower-cost production of metal sections with better quality, due to the inherently lower costs of continuous, standardized production of a product, as well as providing increased control over the process through automation. Nevertheless, challenges remain and new ones appear, as ways are sought to minimize casting defects and to cast alloys that could originally only be cast via other means. This Special Issue of the journal "Metals" consists of 14 research articles that cover many aspects of experimental work and theoretical modelling related to the ongoing development of continuous casting processes.

First published in 1994. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

This book deals with various science and technology factors that need careful consideration in producing a casting. It consists of 11 chapters contributed by experts in their respective fields. The topics include simulation of continuous casting process, control of solidification of continuous castings, influence of mold flux in continuous casting, segregation in strip casting of steel, developments in shell and solid investment mold processes, innovative pressure control during filling of sand molds, fracture toughness specifically of castings, permanent molding of cast iron, wear resistant castings and improvement of accuracy in estimating graphite nodularity in ductile iron castings.

Continuous casting of steel has become a widely used process and an important step in steel production. The worldwide share of continuously cast steel has increased significantly in the last 25 years or so. However, concurrent with this increase in production levels are stringent quality requirements that have become crucial in the face of progressively increasing machine throughputs and larger product dimensions. As a result, steel cleanliness and strict composition control are now the primary concern of steelmakers.The tundish is the last metallurgical vessel through which molten metal flows before solidifying in the continuous casting mold. During the transfer of metal through the tundish, molten steel interacts with refractories, slag, and the atmosphere. Thus, the proper design and operation of a tundish are important for delivering steel of strict composition and quality. This pioneering book is the first of its kind to cover all aspects of tundish technology, ranging from fundamental aspects and theory necessary for understanding the basic concepts of tundish operations to operational aspects of the tundish. Written by internationally recognized experts in continuous casting technology in general and tundish technology in particular, this book is sufficiently fundamental to serve as a graduate-level textbook on process metallurgy or as an important reference for metallurgical researchers; at the same time, it is comprehensive enough to contribute to the understanding of scientists and engineers engaged in research and development in the steel industry.

Steel Making is designed to give students a strong grounding in the theory and state-of-the-art practice of production of steels. The book is primarily focused to meet the needs of undergraduate metallurgical students and candidates for associate membership examinations of professional bodies (AMIIM, AMIE). Besides, for all engineering professionals working in steel plants who need to understand the basic principles of steel making, the text provides a sound introduction to the subject. Beginning with a brief introduction to the historical perspective and current status of steel making together with the reasons for obsolescence of Bessemer converter and open hearth processes, the book moves on to : • elaborate the physicochemical principles involved in steel making • explain the operational principles and practices of the modern processes of primary steel making (LD converter, Q-BOP process, and electric furnace process) • provide a summary of the developments in secondary refining of steels • discuss principles and practices of ingot casting and continuous casting of steels • emphasize an increasing need to protect our environment and utilize waste energy • explain transport processes, simulation, and modelling relevant to the developments in steel technology. The book provides considerable information in an easily assimilable form and makes an ideal introduction to the complex subject of steel technology.