The determination of the three-dimensional structure of a biological molecule is the starting point in the understanding of molecular mechanisms involved in its complex biochemical reactions. The molecular architecture of multimolecular systems such as membranes and chromosomes provides the key to the fascinating field of molecular biology. Stereochemical details of biological macromolecules and their interactions with pharmacological agents form the basis for drug design. Naturally, the study of the structure and function of biological molecules has aroused tremendous interest and investigations in this area are being carried out in a large number of laboratories. The techniques used for this purpose include both experimental methods (X-ray and neutron diffraction measurements, study of NMR, ESR, vibrational and electronic spectra, ORD, CD and dipole moment measurements, biochemical modifications etc. ) and the oretical methods (quantum mechanical and classical potential energy calculations, Monte Carlo simulations and molecular graphics). F or several years now, X-ray diffraction [1] has served as our only source of infor mation on the three-dimensional arrangements of atoms in biopolymers. Fiber-diffrac tion of DNA led to the proposal of the DNA double helix. Fibers of long~hain polymers show ordering in the direction of the fibre-axis but not in the transverse plane. Accurate estimates of the dimensions of helical structures can be made using techniques on the basis of which models of biopolymers can be constructed.

Macromolecules is an introductory book about macromolecules, specifically about the fundamental aspects of macromolecules, such as their nature, the ways they are formed, and their behavior. This book also focuses on the basics of macromolecules, which includes history, composition, and properties. The topics covered in this book include polymerization kinetics, chemical reactions, and degradation of macromolecules. This book also discusses biological molecules, including naturally occurring materials, synthetic macromolecules, and model compounds. Students majoring in chemistry or other related fields, such as materials engineering, will find this book very useful.

Conformation is statistical property of the macromolecules consisting of a number of N structural units, links, position of which in a space one relatively to other is not inflexibly fixed by chemical bonds and assumes the possible random configurations. The number of possible configurations at N ” 1 is so great that permits to use the statistical methods at their analysis. That is why the conformation is a result of statistical averaging on all possible configurations of the macromolecule. It was for a long time notified and confirmed by computer modelling that the conformation of polymeric chain should be described by self-avoiding random walks statistics (SARW) but not Gaussian random walks statistics, assuming the phantom behaviour of polymeric chains. Nevertheless, Gaussian statistics is dominating at the analysis of thermodynamic, dynamic and kinetic stainings of the macromolecules conformation. This book will be useful for scientists who are engaged in the physical chemistry of polymers and their solutions.

Integrating coverage of polymers and biological macromolecules into a single text, Physical Chemistry of Macromolecules is carefully structured to provide a clear and consistent resource for beginners and professionals alike. The basic knowledge of both biophysical and physical polymer chemistry is covered, along with important terms, basic structural properties and relationships. This book includes end of chapter problems and references, and also: Enables users to improve basic knowledge of biophysical chemistry and physical polymer chemistry. Explores fully the principles of macromolecular chemistry, methods for determining molecular weight and configuration of molecules, the structure of macromolecules, and their separations.

Black & white print. Concepts of Biology is designed for the typical introductory biology course for nonmajors, covering standard scope and sequence requirements. The text includes interesting applications and conveys the major themes of biology, with content that is meaningful and easy to understand. The book is designed to demonstrate biology concepts and to promote scientific literacy.

Chain Structure and Conformation of Macromolecules ...