Computational Methods in Subsurface Flow explores the application of all of the commonly encountered computational methods to subsurface problems. Among the problems considered in this book are groundwater flow and contaminant transport; moisture movement in variably saturated soils; land subsidence and similar flow and deformation processes in soil and rock mechanics; and oil and geothermal reservoir engineering. This book is organized into 10 chapters and begins with an introduction to partial differential and various solution approaches used in subsurface flow. The discussion then shifts to the fundamental theory of the finite element method, with emphasis on the Galerkin finite element method and how it can be used to solve a wide range of subsurface problems. The subjects treated range from simple problems of saturated groundwater flow to more complex ones of moisture movement and multiphase flow in petroleum reservoirs. The chapters that follow focus on fluid flow and mechanical deformation of conventional and fractured porous media; point and subdomain collocation techniques and the boundary element technique; and the applications of finite difference techniques to single- and multiphase flow and solute transport. The final chapter is devoted to other alternative numerical methods that are based on combinations of the standard finite difference approach and classical mathematics. This book is intended for senior undergraduate and graduate students in geoscience and engineering, as well as for professional groundwater hydrologists, engineers, and research scientists who want to solve or model subsurface problems using numerical techniques.

Finite Element Simulation in Surface and Subsurface Hydrology provides an introduction to the finite element method and how the method is applied to problems in surface and subsurface hydrology. The book presents the basic concepts of the numerical methods and the finite element approach; applications to problems on groundwater flow and mass and energy transport; and applications to problems that involve surface water dynamics. Computational methods for the solution of differential equations; classification of partial differential equations; finite difference and weighted residual integral techniques; and The Galerkin finite element method are discussed as well. The text will be of value to engineers, hydrologists, and students in the field of engineering.

Fluids play an important role in environmental systems appearing as surface water in rivers, lakes, and coastal regions or in the subsurface as well as in the atmosphere. Mechanics of environmental fluids is concerned with fluid motion, associated mass and heat transport as well as deformation processes in subsurface systems. In this reference work the fundamental modelling approaches based on continuum mechanics for fluids in the environment are described, including porous media and turbulence. Numerical methods for solving the process governing equations as well as its object-oriented computer implementation are discussed and illustrated with examples. Finally, the application of computer models in civil and environmental engineering is demonstrated.

This two-volume work constitutes the edited proceedings of the Tenth International Conference on Computational Methods in Water Resources (formerly Finite Elements in Water Resources), held at Heidelberg University, Germany in July 1994, organized jointly by Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Wissenschaftliches Rechnen (Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing) and Sonderforschungsbereich 359 of Heidelberg University and the Institute of Supercomputing and Applied Mathematics of IBM Heidelberg. The 1994 proceedings present the work of authors from 23 countries. Numerical methods, mathematical modeling and applications to subsurface and surface hydrology are covered by a wide variety of papers. Issues of formation description and modeling, including parameter estimation, heterogeneity, and scaling up continue to attract the attention of a large number of researchers. Several papers edited in this book concern the solution of the Navier--Stokes equations. For applied mathematicians, engineers and geoscientists working in the fields of numerical methods, hydrology, ecology, water resources planning and management, remediation design, porous media research, petroleum engineering and coastal engineering.

This book provides concise, up-to-date and easy-to-follow information on an increasingly important area of hydro-environmental analysis and management. It covers important aspects of both surface and subsurface water quality management, as they are inseparable components of aquifers and the flow in physical domains occur in combination with the other. However, the main emphasis of the book is on the practical development and application of computer based algorithms, via appropriate schemes, to realistic problems. Mathematical theories are not discussed as they can be found in many expert books. All sections of the book include detailed descriptions of practical examples. It also, uniquely, gives explanations regarding the formulation of practical management schedules and tools for hydro-environmental systems. There is a lack of books dealing with the practical aspects of the application of computer modelling techniques to complex hydrodynamical phenomena, and this book has been written for professionals and researchers, especially those who are not trained mathematicians who, nevertheless, need to make managerial decisions. Computational Methods in the Management of Hydro-Environmental Systems will be an invaluable source of information for post-graduate level researchers and decision-makers who need to apply numerical modelling techniques to investigate hydrodynamic phenomena and pollutants dispersion in natural aquatic systems. Professionals and engineers, who now need to gain insights about the working of computer techniques for choosing appropriate schemes and applying them to realistic problems, will also value this work. Masters' level and final-year graduate students are also expected to benefit from the book.

With an emphasis on methodology, this reference provides a comprehensive examination of water movement as well as the movement of various pollutants in the earth's subsurface. The multidisciplinary approach integrates earth science, fluid mechanics, mathematics, statistics, and chemistry. Ideal for both professionals and students, this is a practical guide to the practices, procedures, and rules for dealing with groundwater.