Computational Architectures Integrating Neural and Symbolic Processes: A Perspective on the State of the Art focuses on a currently emerging body of research. With the reemergence of neural networks in the 1980s with their emphasis on overcoming some of the limitations of symbolic AI, there is clearly a need to support some form of high-level symbolic processing in connectionist networks. As argued by many researchers, on both the symbolic AI and connectionist sides, many cognitive tasks, e.g. language understanding and common sense reasoning, seem to require high-level symbolic capabilities. How these capabilities are realized in connectionist networks is a difficult question and it constitutes the focus of this book. Computational Architectures Integrating Neural and Symbolic Processes addresses the underlying architectural aspects of the integration of neural and symbolic processes. In order to provide a basis for a deeper understanding of existing divergent approaches and provide insight for further developments in this field, this book presents: (1) an examination of specific architectures (grouped together according to their approaches), their strengths and weaknesses, why they work, and what they predict, and (2) a critique/comparison of these approaches. Computational Architectures Integrating Neural and Symbolic Processes is of interest to researchers, graduate students, and interested laymen, in areas such as cognitive science, artificial intelligence, computer science, cognitive psychology, and neurocomputing, in keeping up-to-date with the newest research trends. It is a comprehensive, in-depth introduction to this new emerging field.

Though mathematical ideas underpin the study of neural networks, the author presents the fundamentals without the full mathematical apparatus. All aspects of the field are tackled, including artificial neurons as models of their real counterparts; the geometry of network action in pattern space; gradient descent methods, including back-propagation; associative memory and Hopfield nets; and self-organization and feature maps. The traditionally difficult topic of adaptive resonance theory is clarified within a hierarchical description of its operation. The book also includes several real-world examples to provide a concrete focus. This should enhance its appeal to those involved in the design, construction and management of networks in commercial environments and who wish to improve their understanding of network simulator packages. As a comprehensive and highly accessible introduction to one of the most important topics in cognitive and computer science, this volume should interest a wide range of readers, both students and professionals, in cognitive science, psychology, computer science and electrical engineering.

"An overview of the multidisciplinary field of data mining, this book focuses specifically on new methodologies and case studies. Included are case studies written by 44 leading scientists and talented young scholars from seven different countries. Topics covered include data mining based on rough sets, the impact of missing data, and mining free text for structure. In addition, the four basic mining operations supported by numerous mining techniques are addressed: predictive model creation supported by supervised induction techniques; link analysis supported by association discovery and sequence discovery techniques; DB segmentation supported by clustering techniques; and deviation detection supported by statistical techniques."

A revitalized version of the popular classic, the Encyclopedia of Library and Information Science, Second Edition targets new and dynamic movements in the distribution, acquisition, and development of print and online media-compiling articles from more than 450 information specialists on topics including program planning in the digital era, recruitment, information management, advances in digital technology and encoding, intellectual property, and hardware, software, database selection and design, competitive intelligence, electronic records preservation, decision support systems, ethical issues in information, online library instruction, telecommuting, and digital library projects.

A novel approach to hybrid AI aimed at developing trustworthy agent collaborators. The vast majority of current AI relies wholly on machine learning (ML). However, the past thirty years of effort in this paradigm have shown that, despite the many things that ML can achieve, it is not an all-purpose solution to building human-like intelligent systems. One hope for overcoming this limitation is hybrid AI: that is, AI that combines ML with knowledge-based processing. In Agents in the Long Game of AI, Marjorie McShane, Sergei Nirenburg, and Jesse English present recent advances in hybrid AI with special emphases on content-centric computational cognitive modeling, explainability, and development methodologies. At present, hybridization typically involves sprinkling knowledge into an ML black box. The authors, by contrast, argue that hybridization will be best achieved in the opposite way: by building agents within a cognitive architecture and then integrating judiciously selected ML results. This approach leverages the power of ML without sacrificing the kind of explainability that will foster society’s trust in AI. This book shows how we can develop trustworthy agent collaborators of a type not being addressed by the “ML alone” or “ML sprinkled by knowledge” paradigms—and why it is imperative to do so.

Hybrid neural systems are computational systems which are based mainly on artificial neural networks and allow for symbolic interpretation or interaction with symbolic components. This book is derived from a workshop held during the NIPS'98 in Denver, Colorado, USA, and competently reflects the state of the art of research and development in hybrid neural systems. The 26 revised full papers presented together with an introductory overview by the volume editors have been through a twofold process of careful reviewing and revision. The papers are organized in the following topical sections: structured connectionism and rule representation; distributed neural architectures and language processing; transformation and explanation; robotics, vision, and cognitive approaches.

A cutting-edge reference source for the interdisciplinary field of computational cognitive modeling.