Rollover crashes are complex and relatively infrequent compared with other types of vehicle crashes, but they result in highest fatality rates among all common types of vehicle accidents. The Sport Utility Vehicles (SUV's) are the most common vehicles involved in rollover crashes compared to other vehicles. Different types of static and dynamic test methods have been proposed and implemented to evaluate the performance of a vehicle in rollover crashes. However due to complexity of rollover crashes, no specific dynamic method is required at present to evaluate the rollover crash and occupant protection responses, as a several factors could affect the rollover impact outcome. In this study, the finite element modeling and simulation of a typical SUV is first conducted for static roof crush test per regulatory Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards (FMVSS) 216. Once model evaluation and validation is completed, the finite element modeling and simulation of a simplified Jordan Rollover System (JRS) is conducted and the results are compared with these corresponding to an unconstrained rollover tests, both performed on the same SUV. A parametric study is conducted for pertinent dynamic rollover parameters such as drop height of the vehicle, and the platform floor speed. The results from the simulation test measurements including intrusion of roof components, reaction/contact force on the platform, roll angle, and roll rate of the vehicle, and the internal energy generated of the rollover are all examined and compared. Results from the simulations are analyzed to examine the significance of using either JRS or unconstrained rollover models. Recommendations are made based on initial rollover conditions for better dynamic approach and suggestion for test protocols or standards.

High standards of noise, vibration and harshness (NVH) performance are expected in vehicle design. Refinement is therefore one of the main engineering/design attributes to be addressed when developing new vehicle models and components.Vehicle noise and vibration refinement provides a review of noise and vibration refinement principles, methods, advanced experimental and modelling techniques and palliative treatments necessary in the process of vehicle design, development and integration in order to meet noise and vibration standards. Case studies from the collective experience of specialists working for major automotive companies are included to form an important reference for engineers practising in the motor industry who seek to overcome the technological challenges faced in developing quieter, more comfortable cars.The reader will be able to develop an in-depth knowledge of the source and transmission mechanisms of noise and vibration in motor vehicles, and a clear understanding of vehicle refinement issues that directly influence a customer's purchasing decision. - Reviews noise and vibration refinement principles, methods and modelling techniques necessary in vehicle design, development and integration in order to meet noise and vibration standards - Outlines objectives driving development and the significance of vehicle noise and vibration refinement whilst documenting definitions of key terms for use in practice - Case studies demonstrate measurement and modelling in industry and illustrate key testing methods including hand sensing and environmental testing

The long-awaited second edition of an important textbook on economic growth—a major revision incorporating the most recent work on the subject. This graduate level text on economic growth surveys neoclassical and more recent growth theories, stressing their empirical implications and the relation of theory to data and evidence. The authors have undertaken a major revision for the long-awaited second edition of this widely used text, the first modern textbook devoted to growth theory. The book has been expanded in many areas and incorporates the latest research. After an introductory discussion of economic growth, the book examines neoclassical growth theories, from Solow-Swan in the 1950s and Cass-Koopmans in the 1960s to more recent refinements; this is followed by a discussion of extensions to the model, with expanded treatment in this edition of heterogenity of households. The book then turns to endogenous growth theory, discussing, among other topics, models of endogenous technological progress (with an expanded discussion in this edition of the role of outside competition in the growth process), technological diffusion, and an endogenous determination of labor supply and population. The authors then explain the essentials of growth accounting and apply this framework to endogenous growth models. The final chapters cover empirical analysis of regions and empirical evidence on economic growth for a broad panel of countries from 1960 to 2000. The updated treatment of cross-country growth regressions for this edition uses the new Summers-Heston data set on world income distribution compiled through 2000.

Comprehensive, up-to-date and firmly rooted in practical experience, a key publication for all automotive engineers, dynamicists and students.

In the last decades, new experimental and numerical techniques have taken many advanced features of porous media mechanics down to practical engineering applications. This happened in areas that sometimes were not even suspected to be open to engineering ideas at all. The challenge that often faces engineers in the field of geomechanics, biomechanics, rheology and materials science is the translation of ideas existing in one field to solutions in the other. The purpose of the IUTAM symposium from which this proceedings volume has been compiled was to dive deep into the mechanics of those porous media that involve mechanics and chemistry, mechanics and electromagnetism, mechanics and thermal fluctuations of mechanics and biology. The different sections have purposely not been formed according to field interest, but on the basis of the physics involved.

Maple er et teknisk beregnings- og dokumentationsprogram og en on-line test- og evalueringsløsning.

This book comprises select peer-reviewed proceedings of the International Conference on Recent Developments in Sustainable Infrastructure (ICRDSI) 2019. The topics span over all major disciplines of civil engineering with regard to sustainable development of infrastructure and innovation in construction materials, especially concrete. The book covers numerical and analytical studies on various topics such as composite and sandwiched structures, green building, groundwater modeling, rainwater harvesting, soil dynamics, seismic resistance and control of structures, waste management, structural health monitoring, and geo-environmental engineering. This book will be useful for students, researchers and professionals working in sustainable technologies in civil engineering.