There Is No Denying The Fact That The Elt World Has Changed Drastically From The Teacher-Oriented To A More Learner-Oriented One. Unfortunately, India Is Too Slow To This Change. Barring A Few Educational Institutions We Continue To Carry On With The Old And Outdated Methods And Materials. English Is Still Taught Here As A Content Subject Rather Than A Language Subject . No Doubt, The Shift Is Not Easy To Achieve. In Fact, It Is Not As Much A Change In Materials As A Change In The Total Outlook And Behaviour. It Implies Looking At Language From A Whole New Perspective.It Is Against This Backdrop That The Present Book Has Been Written. It Aims At Providing An Insight Into Existing Language Teaching In India. It Discusses At Length All The Issues Related To The Indian Curriculum. Problems That Are Likely To Be Faced By Teachers, Students And Curriculum-Framers In Adopting This Method Are Discussed Thread-Bare And Proper Solutions Provided. It Is Hoped That The Book Will Be Of Great Help To Researchers, Scholars And Syllabus Framers, Besides Being A Reference Book For Students Of English Language And Linguistics.

Concept And Mature Of Management 2. Evolution Of Management Thought 3. Management Process 4. Social Responsibility Of Business 5. Coordination 6. Nature And Process Of Planning 7. Method And Types Of Plans 8. Forecasting And Decision-Making 9. Management Information System 10. Organizing Functions 11. Departmentation And Organization Structure 12. Authority And Responsibility 13. Delegation And Decentralisation 14. Organisation Chart And Manual 15. Nature And Scope Of Staffing 16. Training And Development 17. Performance Appraisal And Promotion 18. Direction And Supervision 19. Motivation And Morale 20. Leadership 21. Communication 22. Process Of Control 23. Techniques Of Managerial Control 24. Organisational Conflicts And Grievances 25. Organisational Change 26. Management By Objectives And Workstress 27. Total Quality Management 28. Case Study Method

Since the concept of allelopathy was introduced almost 100 years ago, research has led to an understanding that plants are involved in complex communicative interactions. They use a battery of different signals that convey plant-relevant information within plant individuals as well as between plants of the same species or different species. The 13 chapters of this volume discuss all these topics from an ecological perspective. Communication between plants allows them to share physiological and ecological information relevant for their survival and ?tness. It is obvious that in these very early days of ecological plant communication research we are illuminating only the ‘tip of iceberg’ of the communicative nature of higher plants. Nevertheless, knowledge on the identity and informative value of volatiles used by plants for communication is increasing with breath-taking speed. Among the most spectacular examples are sit- tions where plant emitters warn neighbours about a danger, increasing their innate immunity, or when herbivore-attacked plants attract the enemies of the herbivores (‘cry for help’ and ‘plant bodyguards’ concepts). It is becoming obvious that plants use not only volatile signals but also diverse water soluble molecules, in the case of plant roots, to safeguard their evolutionary success and accomplish self/non-self kin rec- nition. Importantly, as with all the examples of biocommunication, irrespective of whether signals and signs are transmitted via physical or chemical pathways, plant communication is a rule-governed and sign-mediated process.

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