Entrepreneur in an Age of Upheaval Carl Friedrich von Siemens was one of the significant business figures in an era filled with crises and turmoil. He became “Head of the House of Siemens” after World War I and managed the company throughout the German Great Inflation and the Great Depression, as well as during the Third Reich and into the early years of World War II. This biography provides the first comprehensive portrait of the personality and diverse accomplishments of a man who reorganized the Siemens companies, headed the Reichsbahn national railroad for ten years, and served politically as a delegate from a democracy-supporting party. The study shows how he increasingly turned away from party politics, and how his position evolved yet again during the Third Reich, from compliance with the regime to a growing personal alienation.

1 Aim and General Description of the Anthology The purpose of this anthology is to introduce the English speaking public to the wide spectrum of texts authored predominently by physicists portraying the ac tual and perceived role of physics in the Nazi state. Up to now no broad and well balanced documentation of German physics during this time has been available in English, despite the significant role physics has played both politically (e. g. , in weaponry planning) and ideologically (e. g. , in the controversy over the value of theoretical ('Jewish') vs. experimental ('Aryan') physics), and even though prominent figures like the scientist-philosopher and emigre Albert Einstein and the controversial nuclear physicist Werner Heisenberg have become household names. This anthology will attempt to bridge this gap by presenting contempo rary documents and eye-witness accounts by the physicists themselves. Authors were chosen to represent the various political opinions and specialties within the physics community, omitting some of the more readily accessible texts by leading physicists (e. g. , Einstein, Heisenberg, Lenard) in favor of those by less well-known but nonetheless important figures (e. g. , Finkelnburg, Max Wien, Ramsauer). In this way we hope not only to circumvent the constricted 'Great Men' approach to history but also to offer a broader picture of the activities and conflicts within the field and the effects of the political forces exerted upon them.

The manner in which Britain, Germany and France have conducted business this century is analysed in this comparative study. It focuses on key companies and business elites and their performance at critical times.