The new, therapeutically-focused Botulinum Toxin presents comprehensive, cross-disciplinary guidance on current practices, covering more than 100 non-cosmetic conditions that occur in neurology, physical medicine and rehabilitation, pain medicine, ophthalmology, gastroenterology, urology, orthopedics, and surgery. International contributors review the current understanding of the biology and cellular mechanisms along with relevant research so you can easily apply them to the pathophysiology of the numerous disorders that botulinum toxin is used to treat—such as botulinum toxin applications for the treatment of cranial-cervical dystonias, motor disorders in cerebral palsy, bruxism and temporomandibular disorders, headache, overactive bladder, chronic pelvic pain syndromes, arthritis joint pain, and wound healing. With discussions of the latest in approved treatment practices as well as new and emerging uses, you’ll get in-depth management guidance on the application of the toxin. Provides clinical applications of botulinum toxin for over 100 disorders for immediate access and easy reference during practice and treatment. Covers a broad array of hot topics, including botulinum toxin applications for the treatment of cranial-cervical dystonias, motor disorders in cerebral palsy, bruxism and temporomandibular disorders, headache, overactive bladder, chronic pelvic pain syndromes, arthritis joint pain, and wound healing. Focuses on approved uses with expert advice on thoroughly tested applications but also discusses new and emerging applications to expose you to additional treatment options. Presents the most comprehensive and up-to-date material available so you get all the information you need from this one resource. Offers the cross-disciplinary guidance of the best world-class expertise through an authoritative, international group of authors who demonstrate the applications of botulinum toxin across various specialties.

In a rapidly progressing field, Botulinum Toxin Therapy provides both clinicians and basic researchers with the latest science on the structure and function of botulinum toxins and the use of these toxins to treat a wide variety of diseases. Part 1 of the book reviews the basic science of botulinum toxins including advances in our understanding of the molecular structure and mechanism of action of botulinum toxins. This section also discusses the manufacturing and formulation of botulinum toxins for clinical use and the development of novel therapeutic toxins for the future. Part 2 reviews the use of botulinum toxins in clinical practice. It discusses the clinical pharmacology of botulinum toxin drugs and their use in a wide variety of clinical conditions including headache, spasticity, pain, disorders of the genitourinary and gastrointestinal tract, strabismus, and medical aesthetics.

The extremely potent substance botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) has attracted much interest in diverse fields. Originally identified as cause for the rare but deadly disease botulism, military and terrorist intended to misuse this sophisticated molecule as biological weapon. This caused its classification as select agent category A by the Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention and the listing in the Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention. Later, the civilian use of BoNT as long acting peripheral muscle relaxant has turned this molecule into an indispensable pharmaceutical world wide with annual revenues >$1.5 billion. Also basic scientists value the botulinum neurotoxin as molecular tool for dissecting mechanisms of exocytosis. This book will cover the most recent molecular details of botulinum neurotoxin, its mechanism of action as well as its detection and application.

Botulinum Neurotoxin and Tetanus Toxin ...

Tetanus has been known from the very beginning of medical literature since it was first described by Hyppocrates of Cos in the fifth century B.C. For 24 centuries it was considered a neuro logical disease until the breakthrough of CARLE and RATIONE (1884) who demonstrated its infectious etiology. Following the establishment of purified cultures of Clostridium tetani(KITASATO 1889), FABER (1890), and TIZZONI and CATIANI (1890) demon strated that the disease is actually an intoxication caused by a proteic neurotoxin. This toxin was shown by BRUSHCHETIINI (1892) to move retroaxonally and to act at the spinal cord level. Soon thereafter VAN ERMENGEN (1897) demonstrated that botu lism is also due to intoxication with a protein toxin produced by bacteria of the genus Clostridium. These bacteria and their spores and ubiquitous, and the majority of them do not produce neurotoxins. The selective advantage of producing such potent toxin is still a matter of speculation (see Popoff, this volume). The next major advance was the discovery that tetanus neurotoxin 1 can be converted by formaldehyde treatment to a nonpathogenic but still fully immunogenic form, and that this can be used successfully as a vaccine to prevent tetanus (RAMON and DESCOMBEY 1925). Similar vaccines (toxoids) can be prepared with botulism neurotoxins (see MiDDLEBROOK and BROWN, this volume). The prevention oftetanus by vaccination (see Galatzka and Gasse, this volume) is one of the great successes of basic research coupled with an efficient public medicine service.

This title in the PROCEDURES IN COSMETIC DERMATOLOGY SERIES presents up-to-the-minute, practical guidance on botulinum toxin injection techniques shaping today's practice. Succinctly written and lavishly illustrated, it focuses on procedural how-to's and offers step-by-step advice on proper techniques, pitfalls, and tricks of the trade—so you can refine and hone your skills...and expand your surgical repertoire. You'll find current, to-the-point guidance on the cosmetic use of the toxin — edited by pioneers in the field, Drs. Jean and Alastair Carruthers. Implement the newest procedures into your practice immediately and confidently—with the outstanding guidance you'll find in this volume of the PROCEDURES IN COSMETIC DERMATOLOGY SERIES. Covers the hottest topics—including botox aesthetics, facial treatments, neck treatment, adjunctive treatment, pain relief, and facial asymmetry—all in one concise, accessible volume. Features a wealth of color illustrations and photographs that depict cases as they present in practice. Discusses common pitfalls and emphasizes how to optimize outcomes, enabling readers to improve their technique. Highlights emerging topics in the field, with guidance on the newest developments in cosmetic surgery. Includes a comprehensive, instructional DVD containing video clips of techniques and procedures as well as the experts' hints and tips. Use of fillers in combination with Botox to better sculpt the lower face Coverage of new fillers like Juvederm, Evolence, Radiesse and Perlane to keep you on the cutting edge New and expanded coverage of periocular treatment Highest quality video footage of procedures on the bonus DVD

This practical, one-of-a-kind manual guides you step by step through the most common injection techniques for a full range of disorders. Experts in the field help you assess whether an injection is indicated, localize the site, choose the correct needle, avoid possible complications, provide necessary post-injection care, and more. A user-friendly format, clinical pearls, state-of-the-art line drawings, and the latest guidelines make this handbook an essential reference for any physician performing an injection procedure. A uniform format guides you through every step of the most common injection techniques, from treating musculoskeletal and neurologic disorders to performing alternative procedures such as acupuncture. Recommendations for the most effective number of injections, as well as what medications and how much to inject, help you stay up to date and provide state-of-the-art care. Extensive coverage of common principles specific to each injection area helps you conquer even your toughest cases. Clinical pearls in each chapter provide easy access to key concepts and techniques. Detailed line drawings highlighting major landmarks paired with photographs provide vivid, visual guidance for accurate needle placement. A handy, portable size makes need-to-know information accessible at any time.