The use of gas turbines for power generation and electricity production in both single cycle and combined cycle plant operation is extensive and will continue to globally grow into the future. Due to its high power density and ability to convert gaseous and liquid fuel into mechanical work with very high thermodynamic efficiencies, significant efforts continue today to further increase both the power output and thermodynamic efficiencies of the gas turbine. In particular, the aerothermal design of gas turbine components has progressed at a rapid pace in the last decade with all gas turbine manufacturers, in order to achieve higher thermodynamic efficiencies. This has been achieved by using higher turbine inlet temperatures and pressures, advanced turbine aerodynamics and efficient cooling systems of turbine airofoils, and advanced high temperature alloys, metallic coatings, and ceramic thermal barrier coatings. In this chapter, issues related to the thermal design of gas turbine blades are highlighted and several heat transfer technologies are examined, such as convective cooling, impingement cooling, film cooling, and application of thermal barrier coatings. Typical methods for validating the thermal designs of gas turbine airofoils are also outlined.

This title presents and reflects current active research on various heat transfer topics and related phenomena in gas turbine systems. It begins with a general introduction to gas turbine heat transfer, before moving on to specific areas.

A comprehensive reference for engineers and researchers, Gas Turbine Heat Transfer and Cooling Technology, Second Edition has been completely revised and updated to reflect advances in the field made during the past ten years. The second edition retains the format that made the first edition so popular and adds new information mainly based on selected published papers in the open literature. See What’s New in the Second Edition: State-of-the-art cooling technologies such as advanced turbine blade film cooling and internal cooling Modern experimental methods for gas turbine heat transfer and cooling research Advanced computational models for gas turbine heat transfer and cooling performance predictions Suggestions for future research in this critical technology The book discusses the need for turbine cooling, gas turbine heat-transfer problems, and cooling methodology and covers turbine rotor and stator heat-transfer issues, including endwall and blade tip regions under engine conditions, as well as under simulated engine conditions. It then examines turbine rotor and stator blade film cooling and discusses the unsteady high free-stream turbulence effect on simulated cascade airfoils. From here, the book explores impingement cooling, rib-turbulent cooling, pin-fin cooling, and compound and new cooling techniques. It also highlights the effect of rotation on rotor coolant passage heat transfer. Coverage of experimental methods includes heat-transfer and mass-transfer techniques, liquid crystal thermography, optical techniques, as well as flow and thermal measurement techniques. The book concludes with discussions of governing equations and turbulence models and their applications for predicting turbine blade heat transfer and film cooling, and turbine blade internal cooling.

Gas turbines play an extremely important role in fulfilling a variety of power needs and are mainly used for power generation and propulsion applications. The performance and efficiency of gas turbine engines are to a large extent dependent on turbine rotor inlet temperatures: typically, the hotter the better. In gas turbines, the combustion temperature and the fuel efficiency are limited by the heat transfer properties of the turbine blades. However, in pushing the limits of hot gas temperatures while preventing the melting of blade components in high-pressure turbines, the use of effective cooling technologies is critical. Increasing the turbine inlet temperature also increases heat transferred to the turbine blade, and it is possible that the operating temperature could reach far above permissible metal temperature. In such cases, insufficient cooling of turbine blades results in excessive thermal stress on the blades causing premature blade failure. This may bring hazards to the engine's safe operation. Gas Turbine Blade Cooling, edited by Dr. Chaitanya D. Ghodke, offers 10 handpicked SAE International's technical papers, which identify key aspects of turbine blade cooling and help readers understand how this process can improve the performance of turbine hardware.

Combustion and Heat Transfer in Gas Turbine Systems is a compilation of papers from the Proceedings of an International Propulsion Symposium held at the College of Aeronautics, Cranfield in April 1969. This compilation deals with research done by academic and scientific institutions and of industrial organizations, with some research papers covering atomization, fuels, and high-temperature materials. One paper describes the combustion system of the Concorde engine used in commercial flights, temperature of metal parts, and some design modifications to increase the mechanical life of the combustion system. Another paper discusses the evolution of the RB 162 combustion system that is used in the vertical takeoff and landing aircrafts. The RB 162 has many design features of the earlier single reversal chamber and differs in only one or two points. The book then notes the necessity of a plenum chamber burning to further development of supersonic engines and flight. One paper also proposes an alternative theory to the traditional ignition theory of altitude relighting such as those developed by Lewis and von Elbe. Another paper reposts on some observations made of the atomizing characteristics of air-blast atomizers and proposes simple changes to improve the performance of the atomizer by prefilming and allowing air to both sides of the fuel. This compilation will prove very helpful for aeronautical engineers, aviation designers, physicists, students of engineering, and readers who are interested in the design and development of jet engines and supersonic aircrafts.

The present treatise reports on theoretical investigations and test-stand measurements which were carried out in the BMW Flugmotoren GMbH in developing the hollow blade for exhaust gas turbines. As an introduction the temperature variation and the stress on a turbine blade for a gas temperature of 900 degrees and circumferential velocities of 600 meters per second are discussed. The assumptions onthe heat transfer coefficients at the blade profile are supported by tests on an electrically heated blade model. The temperature distribution in the cross section of a blade Is thoroughly investigated and the temperature field determined for a special case. A method for calculation of the thermal stresses in turbine blades for a given temperature distribution is indicated. The effect of the heat radiation on the blade temperature also is dealt with. Test-stand experiments on turbine blades are evaluated, particularly with respect to temperature distribution in the cross section; maximum and minimum temperature in the cross section are ascertained. Finally, the application of the hollow blade for a stationary gas turbine is investigated. Starting from a setup for 550 C gas temperature the improvement of the thermal efficiency and the fuel consumption are considered as well as the increase of the useful power by use of high temperatures. The power required for blade cooling is taken into account.