The lives, ideas and influence of ten audacious Jews - what they did, what they believed and their contribution to the Jewish story. Courageous, challenging and often misunderstood, they left a lasting legacy for humanity. This book has a chapter on each character, in an easy-to-read bullet point format, which gives a summary of a character's life, personality, beliefs and contribution to Judaism. Jacob - The most successful biblical patriarch Naomi - The heroine of the biblical Book of Ruth King Solomon - The second monarch of Judah and Israel Akiva ben Yosef - The leading 1st century Rabbi and martyr Theodor Herzl - The journalist, writer and inspiration of modern political Zionism Franz Kafka - A literary genius of the 20th century Marc Chagall - The most famous Jewish artist of the 20th century Golda Meir - Israel's fourth Prime Minister Isaiah Berlin - The liberal philosopher and one of the finest minds of the 20th century Leonard Bernstein - The American composer, conductor and pianist

From King David to David ben Gurion, via Jesus, Freud and more - the lives, ideas and influence of seven radical Jews - what they did, what they believed in and their contribution to Judaism. Courageous, challenging and misunderstood, they left a lasting legacy for both Jews and the wider world. Their insights and experiences can help tackle contemporary moral and political challenges. This book has in-depth separate chapters on a range of characters, presented in an easy-to-read bullet point format. Each chapter gives a summary of a character's life, personality, beliefs and contribution to Judaism. King David - Warrior, leader, sinner, lover Jesus - The founder of a new movement within Judaism Abraham Ibn Ezra - Radical writer and thinker of the Middle Ages Moses Mendelssohn - 18th century German philosopher and instigator of Jewish enlightenment Sigmund Freud - The founder of psychoanalysis Leo Baeck - Leader of German Jewry in the 1930s David Ben-Gurion - First Prime Minister of Israel

The lives, ideas and influence of ten audacious Jews - what they did, what they believed and their contribution to the Jewish story. Courageous, challenging and often misunderstood, they left a lasting legacy for humanity. This book has a chapter on each character, in an easy-to-read bullet point format, which gives a summary of a character's life, personality, beliefs and contribution to Judaism. Judah - Son of Jacob, brother of Joseph Rashi - Medieval French commentator Baruch Spinoza - Radical 17th century thinker The Rothschilds - 19th century bankers and philanthropists Benjamin Disraeli - 19th century British Prime Minister Karl Marx - Revolutionary 19th century economist and socialist Martin Buber - 20th century philosopher, Zionist and philosopher Albert Einstein - Brilliant physicist, an avowed pacifist and Zionist Abraham Joshua Heschel - 20th century rabbi and a model for compassionate social action Louis Jacobs - Britain's most prolific rabbi and its only world class scholar

The lives, ideas and influence of ten audacious Jews - what they did, what they believed and their contribution to the Jewish story. Courageous, challenging and often misunderstood, they left a lasting legacy for humanity. This book has a chapter on each character, in an easy-to-read bullet point format, which gives a summary of a character's life, personality, beliefs and contribution to Judaism. Moses - The leader of the Biblical Israelites. Paul of Tarsus - 1st century Jew who helped create Christianity Maimonides - The most important medieval Jewish scholar Gracia Mendes Nasi - Medieval businesswoman and philanthropist Moses Montefiore - 19th century British financier and philanthropist Henrietta Szold - Zionist, founder of Hadassah and a leading force in social welfare Chaim Weizmann - Zionist, chemist and the first President of Israel Leon Trotsky - Marxist leader, revolutionary and writer Primo Levi - An Italian survivor from Auschwitz Leonard Cohen - Canadian poet and singer

History of the Jews (Volume 4 of 6) Through strictly moral deportment, ascetic life and revelations veiled in obscure formulæ, perhaps also through his winning personality and boldness, Abraham Abulafia found many in Sicily who believed in him, and began to make preparations for returning to the Holy Land. But the intelligent part of the Sicilian congregation hesitated to join him without investigation. They addressed themselves to Solomon ben Adret, to obtain information from him respecting Abraham Abulafia. The rabbi of Barcelona, who was acquainted with Abulafia's earlier career, sent an earnest letter to the community of Palermo, in which he severely condemned the self-constituted Messiah as illiterate and dangerous. Naturally, Abulafia did not allow this attack to remain unanswered, but proceeded to defend himself from the denunciation. In a letter he justified his prophetic Kabbala, and hurled back Ben Adret's invectives in language so undignified that many thought the letter not genuine. But his abusive retort was of no avail, for other congregations and rabbis, who may have feared that a persecution might be the consequence of his fantastic doctrines, also expressed themselves against Abulafia. He was harassed so much in Sicily that he had to leave the island, and settle in the tiny isle of Comino, near Malta (about 1288). Here he continued to publish mystical writings, and to assert that he would bring deliverance to Israel. Persecution had embittered him. He leveled charges against his brethren in faith, who in their stubbornness would not listen to him: "Whilst the Christians believe in my words, the Jews eschew them, and absolutely refuse to know anything of the calculation of God's name, but prefer the calculation of their money." Of those who exclusively occupied themselves with the Talmud, Abulafia said that they were seized by an incurable disease, and that they were far inferior to those skilled in the higher Kabbala. Abraham Abulafia, besides twenty-six on other subjects, composed at least twenty-two so-called prophetic works, which, although the product of a diseased brain, were used by the later Kabbalists. What at last became of the prophetic and Messianic enthusiast and adventurer is not known.

When Margaret Sanger returned to Europe in 1920, World War I had altered the social landscape as dramatically as it had the map of Europe. Population concerns, sexuality, venereal disease, and contraceptive use had entered public discussion, and Sanger's birth control message found receptive audiences around the world. This volume focuses on Sanger from her groundbreaking overseas advocacy during the interwar years through her postwar role in creating the International Planned Parenthood Federation. The documents reconstruct Sanger's dramatic birth control advocacy tours through early 1920s Germany, Japan, and China in the midst of significant government and religious opposition to her ideas. They also trace her tireless efforts to build a global movement through international conferences and tours. Letters, journal entries, writings, and other records reveal Sanger's contentious dealings with other activists, her correspondence with the likes of Albert Einstein and Eleanor Roosevelt, and Sanger's own dramatic evolution from gritty grassroots activist to postwar power broker and diplomat. A powerful documentary history of a transformative twentieth-century figure, The Selected Papers of Margaret Sanger, Volume 4 is a primer for the debates on individual choice, sex education, and planned parenthood that remain all-too-pertinent in our own time.