This volume presents the proceedings of the Sixth International Workshop on Automated Natural Language Generation held in Castel Ivano, Trento, Italy, April 5-7, 1992. Besides an invited lecture by Nadia Magnenat-Thalmann, a well-known researcher in computer animation, on creating and visualizing speech and emotion, the volume includes the 17 thouroughly reviewed papers accepted for presentation, selected out of the submissions to the Workshop, as well as 11 statements contributed to panels on multilinguality and generation or extending language generation to multiple media. The accepted papers by leading researchers from Japan, North America and Europe fall in sections on generator system architecture, issues in realisation, issues in discourse structure, and beyond traditional generation.

This book explains how to build Natural Language Generation (NLG) systems - computer software systems which use techniques from artificial intelligence and computational linguistics to automatically generate understandable texts in English or other human languages, either in isolation or as part of multimedia documents, Web pages, and speech output systems. Typically starting from some non-linguistic representation of information as input, NLG systems use knowledge about language and the application domain to automatically produce documents, reports, explanations, help messages, and other kinds of texts. The book covers the algorithms and representations needed to perform the core tasks of document planning, microplanning, and surface realization, using a case study to show how these components fit together. It also discusses engineering issues such as system architecture, requirements analysis, and the integration of text generation into multimedia and speech output systems.

This book aims to inform researchers with an interest in natural language generation about advances in the field. It is organised around four topics – system architectures, content planning, discourse planning and realisation in linguistic form - and it presents some of the most important works in this area of research.

This proceedings volume gives an up-to-date overview of the most recent results in the field of plant molecular response to environmental constraints, especially heat, cold, water/drought, salt or light. It centers on molecular approaches in understanding the bases of plant tolerance to physical stresses, links among different environmental stresses, and the manipulation of gene expression by recombinant DNA technology to obtain tolerant transgenic plants.

Automated Discourse Generation to the User-Centered Revolution: 1970-1995

Natural language generation (NLG) is a subfield of natural language processing (NLP) that is often characterized as the study of automatically converting non-linguistic representations (e.g., from databases or other knowledge sources) into coherent natural language text. In recent years the field has evolved substantially. Perhaps the most important new development is the current emphasis on data-oriented methods and empirical evaluation. Progress in related areas such as machine translation, dialogue system design and automatic text summarization and the resulting awareness of the importance of language generation, the increasing availability of suitable corpora in recent years, and the organization of shared tasks for NLG, where different teams of researchers develop and evaluate their algorithms on a shared, held out data set have had a considerable impact on the field, and this book offers the first comprehensive overview of recent empirically oriented NLG research.