The common view of indigenous Arctic cultures, even among scholarly observers, has long been one of communities continually in ecological harmony with their natural environment. In Arctic Adaptations, Igor Krupnik dismisses the textbook notion of traditional societies as static. Using information from years of field research, interviews with native Siberians, and archaeological site visits, Krupnik demonstrates that these societies are characterized not by stability but by dynamism and significant evolutionary breaks. Their apparent state of ecological harmony is, in fact, a conscious survival strategy resulting from "a prolonged and therefore successful process of human adaptation in one of the most extreme inhabited environments in the world." As their physical and cultural environment has changed--fluctuating reindeer and caribou herds, unpredictable weather patterns, introduction of firearms and better seacraft--Arctic communities have adapted by developing distinctive subsistence practices, social structures, and ethics regarding utilization of natural resources. Krupnik's pioneering work represents a dynamic marriage of ethnography and ecology, and makes accessible to Western scholars crucial findings and archival data previously unavailable because of political and language barriers.

Where and what is the Arctic? What animals live there, and how are they distributed? How do they cope with cold in their austere environment, and how can Arctic mammals survive birth when it is 40 degrees below freezing. How can seals dive to a depth of 1000 metres and stay submerged for more than an hour, and how does complete darkness in winter affect the inhabitants of the high Arctic? This book answers these questions and also gives an introduction to the Arctic. It is based on the author's 40 years of experience in the Arctic, its environment and animal life. As this book contains almost 200 illustrations and deals with the entire Arctic animal kingdom, it will be suitable as a textbook for courses in Arctic biology, and also serve specialists in the field. It is a reference book and a source of information about published original literature.

"Simple text and photographs describe polar animal adaptations"--Provided by publisher.

As temperatures drop, the animals that make the tundra home must ready themselves for survival. See how animals like the arctic ground squirrel and the woolly bear caterpillar use special coping devices to keep warm as they hibernate their way through the frigid winter months. Then when the temperatures finally rise, these creatures emerge and the pulse of life returns to the arctic.

"Simple text and photographs describe ocean animal adaptations"--Provided by publisher.

Papers examining the anthropology and archaeology of early cultures in Scandinavia, the North Pacific and Bering Sea, and the northwest Atlantic,with comparative studies of various aspects.

"Relevant images match informative text in this introduction to Arctic foxes. Intended for students in kindergarten through third grade"--