This book discusses the political and economic history and geography of Georgia, the problems it has faced, and how it has overcome and is still overcoming them. In most countries, at the end of the 20th century the successful resolution of social-economic, political, demographic and ecological problems was largely dependent on effectively protecting the population and economic assets from natural disasters and on ensuring conditions for their sustainable development. These problems are most acute in mountainous regions like Georgia, where the unplanned development of natural ecosystems has had drastic consequences. It is therefore necessary to understand not only the probability of changing conditions (natural as well as political and demographic), but also the probability of the resulting economic losses. The book is divided into four sections; historical and political geography, geological processes, ecological processes and developmental geography. In the historical and political geography section the authors present a detailed discussion on ancient history, historical and political geography, ethnic groups and religions, demographics and socio-cultural geography. The geological processes section contains information on geology, geodynamical processes, glacial and periglacial processes. The ecological processes section examines a variety of landscapes and ecosystems, aspects of deforestation, reforestation and desertification along with anthropogenic impacts on the environment. The developmental geography section looks at different economies, natural resources, sustainable development and climate change.

Leading experts comprehensively review all aspects of the delivery of therapeutic molecules to cells using electrical impulses-i.e., the extraordinarily promising new areas of electrogenetherapy, electrochemotherapy, and transdermal drug delivery. Their survey ranges from outlines of the basic physical principles that govern cell permeabilization by pulsed electric fields, to descriptions of the current state-of-the-art in instrumentation and electrodes, to summaries of preclinical and clinical trial results. The authors focus on drug, gene, and transdermal delivery techniques, providing detailed examples of drug delivery using electric fields from a variety of pulse generators and electrodes. Comprehensive and authoritative, Electrochemotherapy, Electrogenetherapy, and Transdermal Drug Delivery: Electrically Mediated Delivery of Molecules to Cells provides entré to an immensely practical set of in vivo electroporation techniques, including electrogenetherapy, electrochemotherapy, and transdermal drug delivery-techniques holding great promise for all those working toward better therapies for cancer, metabolic diseases, and vaccination.

Here in a single source is an up-to-date description of the technology associated with the Li-Ion battery industry. It will be useful as a text for researchers interested in energy conversion for the direct conversion of chemical energy into electrical energy.