A guide to tracking down, identifying and preserving rare apples.

Showing how the history of the apple goes far beyond the orchard and into the social, cultural and technological developments of Britain and the USA, this book takes an interdisciplinary approach to reveal the importance of the apple as a symbol of both tradition and innovation. From the 18th century in Britain, technology innovation in fruit production and orchard management resulted in new varieties of apples being cultivated and consumed, while the orchard became a representation of stability. In America orchards were contested spaces, as planting seedling apple trees allowed settlers to lay a claim to land. In this book Joanna Crosby explores how apples and orchards have reflected the social, economic and cultural landscape of their times. From the association between English apples and 'English' virtues of plain speaking, hard work and resultant high-quality produce, to practices of wassailing highlighting the effects of urbanisation and the decline of country ways and customs, Apples and Orchards from the Eighteenth Century shows how this everyday fruit provides rich insights into a time of significant social change.

This volume constitutes selected papers presented during the First International Conference on Cognitive Computation and Systems, ICCCS 2022, held in Beijing, China, in October 2022. The 31 papers were thoroughly reviewed and selected from the 75 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on ​computer vision; decision making and cognitive computation; robot and autonomous vehicle.

Foreign bodies are the biggest single source of customer complaints for many food manufacturers, retailers and enforcement authorities. Foreign bodies are any undesirable solid objects in food and range from items entirely unconnected with the food such as glass or metal fragments to those related to the food such as bones or fruit stalks. Detecting foreign bodies in food discusses ways of preventing and managing incidents involving foreign bodies and reviews the range of current methods available for the detection and control of foreign bodies, together with a number of new and developing technologies.Part one addresses management issues, with chapters on identifying potential sources of foreign bodies, good manufacturing practice (GMP), the role of the hazard analysis and critical control point (HACCP) system and how best to manage incidents involving foreign bodies. The book also includes a chapter on the laboratory identification of foreign bodies. Part two examines methods for the detection and removal of foreign bodies. There are chapters on existing methods, including metal detection, magnets, optical sorting, X-ray systems and physical separation methods. Other chapters consider research on potential new technologies, including surface penetrating radar, microwave reflectance, nuclear magnetic resonance, electrical impedance and ultrasound.Detecting foreign bodies in food is a standard reference for all those concerned with ensuring the safety of food. - Discusses ways of preventing and managing incidents involving foreign bodies - Reviews the range of technologies available for effective detection and control of foreign bodies

In this book we address the problem of quality inspection of agricultural produce, more specifically apple fruits, based on multispectral image analysis. Following a divide-and-conquer strategy, the problem is divided into the subtasks of stem and ca