The hydrological cycle plays a central role in geobiological and near-surface geological processes and in the energy balance of the earth. It is of crucial importance to many vital practical problems relative to man and his environment. This is especially true in arctic and subarctic regions, where knowledge of hydrologic processes is particularly limited. The introductory section of this report discusses the global hydrologic cycle and summarizes current estimates of the quantities of water involved in various portions of it. Following this, the definitions and boundaries of the arctic and subarctic are reviewed; a map showing these boundaries and annotations of a number of publications dealing with this problem are also presented. The main part of the report gives several hundred annotations of reports that directly discuss elements of the water balance in arctic and subarctic regions. These annotations are grouped by geographic area: the Northern Hemisphere, Europe, the U.S.S.R., Alaska, Canada, and Greenland and Iceland. For each area, annotations are presented according to water-balance elements: precipitation, evapotranspiration, runoff, streamflow, groundwater contributions to runoff, and changes in glacial storage. (Modified author abstract).

Following a decision by the Arctic Ocean Sciences Board (AOSB) in July 1996 the then chainnan, Geoffrey Holland, wrote a letter of invitation to a meeting to plan a "Symposium on the Freshwater Balance of the Arctic". The meeting was held in Ottawa on November 12-13 1996 and was attended by representatives of various organisations, including the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF), as well as individual scientists. Results of this meeting included: • Co-sponsorship with AOSB by the Scientific Committee on Ocean Research (SCOR), the Arctic Climate System Study (ACSYS) and the Global Energy and Water Cycle Experiment (GEWEX). • A decision to apply for funding as a Advanced Research Workshop (ARW) of the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) Scientific Affairs Division. • That expenses would be covered in part by funds available through an existing NSF grant to the SCOR Executive offices in Baltimore, MD. • The appointment of myself to be Chairman/Manager for the Symposium. • Provision of a recommended list of Scientific Advisors to assist the Chainnan in selecting key speakers.

This book describes a new tool called the Generic Model System for simulations and assessment of potential radioactive spreading in the Arctic regions. It considers the present and future potential for spreading of radionuclear pollution from sources such as from the major Russian processing plants as well as from European sources such as the UK Sellafield plant. The book combines the expertise of professionals from the radionuclear and climate-change sciences.

In depth descriptions and photographs of the aircraft of 21 nations presented with a unique human dimension that goes behind the machines to the people involved. Invaluable for specialists, accessible to enthusiasts, International Warbirds: An Illustrated Guide to World Military Aircraft, 1914–2000 puts the most legendary fighter aircraft of the 20th century developed outside the United States on vivid display. It offers 336 illustrated "biographies" of the most significant warplanes used in squadron service from World War I to the Balkan conflict, including numerous models from Great Britain, France, Russia, and Japan, as well as notable machines from Israel, Canada, China, India, Brazil, and other nations. Entries span the history and scope of military aircraft from bombers and fighters to transports, trainers, reconnaissance craft, sea planes, and helicopters, with each capsule history combining nuts-and-bolts technical data with the story of that model's evolution and use. Together, these portraits offer an exciting, well-researched tribute to visionary designers and builders as well as courageous pilots and crews across the globe, and tell a vivid tale of how air power became such a decisive factor in modern warfare.

"Six explorers set out in a pair of Russian biplanes, the Antonov A-2, to recreate [the] historic ... flight by George Wilkins and Ben Eielson"--Jacket flap.