A comprehensive examination of American women scientists across the sciences throughout the 20th century, providing a rich historical context for understanding their achievements and the way they changed the practice of science. Much more than a "Who's Who," this exhaustive two-volume encyclopedia examines the significant achievements of 20th century American women across the sciences in light of the historical and cultural factors that affected their education, employment, and research opportunities. With coverage that includes a number of scientists working today, the encyclopedia shows just how much the sciences have evolved as a professional option for women, from the dawn of the 20th century to the present. American Women of Science since 1900 focuses on 500 of the 20th century's most notable American women scientists—many overlooked, undervalued, or simply not well known. In addition, it offers individual features on 50 different scientific disciplines (Women in Astronomy, etc.), as well as essays on balancing career and family, girls and science education, and other sociocultural topics. Readers will encounter some extraordinary scientific minds at work, getting a sense of the obstacles they faced as the scientific community faced the questions of feminism and gender confronting the nation as a whole.

A fascinating analysis of the work of notable women by national group, giving thorough data comparing the contributions of women in choice fields. Among the women presented are more than a few colorful personalities representative of the entire social scale, from a royal princess to the daughter of a Paris slum shopkeeper. Researchers in the field of women's history and science history will find this indexed volume a valuable resource.

From the invention of eyeglasses to the Internet, this three-volume set examines the pivotal effects of inventions on society, providing a fascinating history of technology and innovations in the United States from the earliest European colonization to the present. Technical Innovation in American History surveys the history of technology, documenting the chronological and thematic connections between specific inventions, technological systems, individuals, and events that have contributed to the history of science and technology in the United States. Covering eras from colonial times to the present day in three chronological volumes, the entries include innovations in fields such as architecture, civil engineering, transportation, energy, mining and oil industries, chemical industries, electronics, computer and information technology, communications (television, radio, and print), agriculture and food technology, and military technology. The A–Z entries address key individuals, events, organizations, and legislation related to themes such as industry, consumer and medical technology, military technology, computer technology, and space science, among others, enabling readers to understand how specific inventions, technological systems, individuals, and events influenced the history, cultural development, and even self-identity of the United States and its people. The information also spotlights how American culture, the U.S. government, and American society have specifically influenced technological development.

A systematic survey and comparison of the work of 19th-century American and British women in scientific research, this book covers the two countries in which women of the period were most active in scientific work and examines all the fields in which they were engaged. The field-by-field examination brings out patterns and concentrations in women's research (in both countries) and allows a systematic comparison of the two national groups. Through this comparison, new insights are provided into how the national patterns developed and what they meant, in terms of both the process of women's entry into research and the contributions they made there. Ladies in the Laboratory? features a specialized bibliography of nineteenth century research journal publications by women, created from the London Royal Society's Catalogue of Scientific Papers, 1800-1900. In addition, 23 illustrations present in condensed form information about American and British women's scientific publications throughout the nineteenth century. This well-organized blend of individual life stories and quantitative information presents a great deal of new data and field-by-field analysis; its broad and methodical coverage will make it a basic work for everyone interested in the story of women's participation in nineteenth century science.

The groundbreaking New York Times bestseller, Women in Science by Rachel Ignotofsky, comes to the youngest readers in board format! Highlighting notable women's contributions to STEM, this board book edition features simpler text and Rachel Ignotofsky's signature illustrations reimagined for young readers to introduce the perfect role models to grow up with while inspiring a love of science. The collection includes diverse women across various scientific fields, time periods, and geographic locations. The perfect gift for every curious budding scientist!

This reference source boasts some 500 entries of American women scientists whose major contributions occurred after 1900. Although updated and expanded, this two-volume set is largely based on Martha Bailey's two American Women in Science biographical dictionaries (CH, Apr'99, 36-4237; CH, Dec'94, 32-1850). However, Wayne (independent scholar) includes only professional scientists or science educators, thereby excluding women who may have contributed to science in other ways. Preceding the alphabetical entries are two introductory sections. One discusses issues related to women in science, and the other provides a brief introduction to each discipline. Each biographical entry is approximately one page and includes the scientist's education, professional experience, and concurrent positions. One or two suggestions for further reading are listed with most entries, but references are not. To compare this title with other relatively recent works, The Biographical Dictionary of Women in Science, edited by M. Ogilvie and J. Harvey (CH, Feb'01, 38-3076) includes only 9 of the 70 women with surnames beginning with "A" or "B" that are in Wayne's set; only 5 of 70 are included in Notable Twentieth-Century Scientists, edited by E. J. McMurray, J. K. Kosek, and R. M. Valade (CH, Mar'95, 32-3652). This set is valuable for its unique content and compilation of biographies based on a specific gender, nationality, and time period. Summing Up: Highly recommended. Lower-level undergraduates through graduate students. Lower-division Undergraduates; Upper-division Undergraduates; Graduate Students. Reviewed by D. M. Braquet.

The biological sciences cover a broad array of literature types, from younger fields like molecular biology with its reliance on recent journal articles, genomic databases, and protocol manuals to classic fields such as taxonomy with its scattered literature found in monographs and journals from the past three centuries. Using the Biological Litera