This volume consists of a selection of the Albert Einstein Memorial Lectures presented annually at the Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities. Delivered by eminent scientists and scholars, including Nobel laureates, they cover a broad spectrum of subjects in physics, chemistry, life science, mathematics, historiography and social issues. This distinguished memorial lecture series was inaugurated by the Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities following an international symposium held in Jerusalem in March 1979 to commemorate the centenary of Albert Einstein's birth. Considering that Einstein's interests, activities and influence were not restricted to theoretical physics but spanned broad fields affecting society and the welfare of humankind, it was felt that these memorial lectures should be addressed to scientists, scholars and erudite laypersons rather than to physicists alone.

The series of Oskar Klein Memorial Lectures is a must-read for those keenly involved or simply interested in exploring the many fascinating aspects of Physics. This volume presents two landmark lectures given by Hans Bethe in October 1990 and Alan H. Guth in June 1991 under the series of Oskar Klein Memorial Lectures. Hans Bethe's lectures dealt with two themes: the astrophysical importance of neutrinos in supernova outbursts and a theoretical account of neutrinos through observations of the neutrino flux from the centre of the sun. Anyone interested in understanding the processes involved in the collapse and explosion of a large star would certainly find this book enlightening. Alan H. Guth's lecture dealt with the various aspects of the origin of the universe — a topic which never fails to intrigue. The originator of the inflation scenario for the Big Bang theory, Guth has included his latest observations on the COBE satellite and their theoretical interpretation in this lecture. Anyone wishing to grasp the essentials of these ideas, will find in Guth's lecture a wealth of knowledge. This volume also presents for the first time in English the original derivation of the Klein-Nishima formula for Compton scattering and an account of the “Klein Paradox”. A special study reveals interesting facts on the callaboration between Oskar Klein and Yoshio Nishima in 1928 and further, surprising facts on the treatment by the Nobel Committee for Physics of the prize to A H Compton in 1927. Some translated autobiographic texts have also been included to acquaint the reader with Klein's interest in cosmology and his attempts to find the driving force behind the expanding system of galaxies, what Klein termed the Meta-galaxy.

With Translated Reprints by O KleinThe Oskar Klein Memorial Lectures, instituted in 1988 and supported by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences through its Nobel Committee for Physics, are given at Stockholm University in Sweden, where Oskar Klein was professor in Theoretical Physics 1930-1962.Volume 1 contains the 1988 lectures on “Symmetry and Physics” and “From the Bethe-Hulthén Hypothesis to the Yang-Baxter Equation,” given by C N Yang, Nobel Prize winner (1957) and professor at the State University of New York at Stony Brook. The 1989 lectures on “Beyond the Standard Models,” referring to models for cosmology and elementary particles, and on “Precision Tests of Quantum Mechanics” were given by Steven Weinberg, Nobel Prize winner (1979) and professor at the University of Texas at Austin. The volume also contains translations of some of Klein's original papers, one on intermediate charged fields (original in French, 1938), another on five-dimensional quantum theory (”Kaluza-Klein theory,” original in German, 1926). A scientific biography of Klein, written by Professors I. Fischer- Hjalmars and B Laurent, who both knew Klein well, is included as well as an autobiography by Klein.

"An introduction to the life and thought of Kurt Gödel, who transformed our conception of math forever"--Provided by publisher.

This volume is a collection of Nishina Memorial Lectures delivered by distinguished physicists during the past 50 years at the invitation of the Nishina Memorial Foundation. The Lectures commemorate Yoshio Nishina, the father of modern physics in Japan. Listen to the voice of W. Heisenberg: in the right column you can download the first minutes of his lecture "Abstraction in Modern Science" recorded in 1967! You can read the remainder of this lecture and all other lectures online via the link under "E-content". It is hoped that this volume will help young readers to grasp and enjoy the progress of modern physics.