Viral infections in animals occasionally develop potentially fatal diseases that affect almost all organs. Especially in zoonotic diseases, the causative agents that usually exist in animals can be transmitted between animal species to humans directly or via a vector. Throughout recent history, disease outbreaks and pandemics including SARS, H7N9, Ebola, and COVID-19, have led to a dramatic loss of human life worldwide and harmed economic growth. The most effective strategies for the control of disease are vaccination and early diagnosis. Vaccines directed against viral and bacterial pathogens prevent catastrophic losses of life in humans, other animals, and plants, and are considered among the greatest public health achievements. Rapid and accurate detection of pathogens and identification of the aetiologic agent play a crucial role at every step of disease management. In the case of zoonotic illnesses, early detection of wildlife aids in the establishment of a surveillance system, allowing for the introduction of efficient and timely disease control interventions to prevent transmission from animal to human. At present, variations and deletions in the genome of the virus are of common occurrence during evolution, coupled with the new emerging disease and cross-species disease transmission, which are increasing the potential for the transmissibility and severity of the disease. For this reason, developing safe and effective vaccines, and enhancing the sensitivity and specificity of the diagnostic methods are urgently required. The scope of this research topic will share and discuss findings in the areas of diagnosis of viral diseases or vaccine development for all animal species, including terrestrial and aquatic mammals, fishes, insects, birds, etc.

This volume of Advances in Veterinary Medicine, derived in part from the First Veterinary Vaccines and Diagnostic Conferences, deals with vaccines, an especially active area of veterinary research and controversy.

The book gives a comprehensive overview on the knowledge of virus infection relevant for humans and animals. For each virus family the molecular details of the virus particle and the viral replication cycle are described. In the case of virus types with relevance for human and/or animal health the data on molecular biology, genetics and virus-cell interaction are combined with those concerning, pathogenesis, epidemiology, clinics, prevention and therapy.

The Vaccine Book, Second Edition provides comprehensive information on the current and future state of vaccines. It reveals the scientific opportunities and potential impact of vaccines, including economic and ethical challenges, problems encountered when producing vaccines, how clinical vaccine trials are designed, and how to introduce vaccines into widespread use. Although vaccines are now available for many diseases, there are still challenges ahead for major diseases, such as AIDS, tuberculosis, and malaria. This book is designed for students, researchers, public health officials, and all others interested in increasing their understanding of vaccines. It answers common questions regarding the use of vaccines in the context of a rapidly expanding anti-vaccine environment. This new edition is completely updated and revised with new and unique topics, including new vaccines, problems of declining immunization rates, trust in vaccines, the vaccine hesitancy, and the social value of vaccines for the community vs. the individual child's risk. - Provides insights into diseases that could be prevented, along with the challenges facing research scientists in the world of vaccines - Gives new ideas about future vaccines and concepts - Introduces new vaccines and concepts - Gives ideas about challenges facing public and private industrial investors in the vaccine area - Discusses the problem of declining immunization rates and vaccine hesitancy

Scientific experiments using animals have contributed significantly to the improvement of human health. Animal experiments were crucial to the conquest of polio, for example, and they will undoubtedly be one of the keystones in AIDS research. However, some persons believe that the cost to the animals is often high. Authored by a committee of experts from various fields, this book discusses the benefits that have resulted from animal research, the scope of animal research today, the concerns of advocates of animal welfare, and the prospects for finding alternatives to animal use. The authors conclude with specific recommendations for more consistent government action.

Molecular Virology of Human Pathogenic Viruses presents robust coverage of the key principles of molecular virology while emphasizing virus family structure and providing key context points for topical advances in the field. The book is organized in a logical manner to aid in student discoverability and comprehension and is based on the author's more than 20 years of teaching experience. Each chapter will describe the viral life cycle covering the order of classification, virion and genome structure, viral proteins, life cycle, and the effect on host and an emphasis on virus-host interaction is conveyed throughout the text. Molecular Virology of Human Pathogenic Viruses provides essential information for students and professionals in virology, molecular biology, microbiology, infectious disease, and immunology and contains outstanding features such as study questions and recommended journal articles with perspectives at the end of each chapter to assist students with scientific inquiries and in reading primary literature. - Presents viruses within their family structure - Contains recommended journal articles with perspectives to put primary literature in context - Includes integrated recommended reading references within each chapter - Provides access to online ancillary package inclusive of annotated PowerPoint images, instructor's manual, study guide, and test bank

Infectious diseases are the leading cause of death globally, particularly among children and young adults. The spread of new pathogens and the threat of antimicrobial resistance pose particular challenges in combating these diseases. Major Infectious Diseases identifies feasible, cost-effective packages of interventions and strategies across delivery platforms to prevent and treat HIV/AIDS, other sexually transmitted infections, tuberculosis, malaria, adult febrile illness, viral hepatitis, and neglected tropical diseases. The volume emphasizes the need to effectively address emerging antimicrobial resistance, strengthen health systems, and increase access to care. The attainable goals are to reduce incidence, develop innovative approaches, and optimize existing tools in resource-constrained settings.