This issue of Pediatric Clinics, guest edited by Drs. Dilip Patel and Donald Greydanus, examines the topic of Adolescents and Sports. Authorities in the field have come together to pen articles on Pre-participation evaluation, Cardiovascular evaluation of young athletes, Medical conditions and sport participation, Management of the adolescent athlete with type 1 diabetes mellitus, Musculoskeletal conditions and sports participation, Stress fractures: Diagnosis and management, Computer-based neuropsychological evaluation of concussion, The female athlete, Doping: From drugs and supplements to genetics, Analgesics and anti-inflammatory medications in sports, Nutritional considerations for adolescent athletes, Resistance training guidelines for adolescents, Application of osteopathic manual medicine to treat sports injuries, and Physically and cognitively challenged athletes.

This issue of Pediatric Clinics, guest edited by Drs. Dilip Patel and Donald Greydanus, examines the topic of Adolescents and Sports. Authorities in the field have come together to pen articles on Pre-participation evaluation, Cardiovascular evaluation of young athletes, Medical conditions and sport participation, Management of the adolescent athlete with type 1 diabetes mellitus, Musculoskeletal conditions and sports participation, Stress fractures: Diagnosis and management, Computer-based neuropsychological evaluation of concussion, The female athlete, Doping: From drugs and supplements to genetics, Analgesics and anti-inflammatory medications in sports, Nutritional considerations for adolescent athletes, Resistance training guidelines for adolescents, Application of osteopathic manual medicine to treat sports injuries, and Physically and cognitively challenged athletes.

Most physicians entering the field of pediatric cardiology are drawn to it by an interest in the wide variety of congenital heart defects which present at various ages. Most congenital heart disease will be evident in early life, presenting with cyanosis, heart murmur, congestive heart failure or shock. Textbooks in pediatric cardiology are filled overwhelmingly with chapters on the various congenital heart lesions which are encountered, both rare and common. However, practicing pediatric cardiologists will be quick to point out that a significant number of referrals to any practice do not involve congenital heart problems. Reviewing our own statistics at the Children’s Hospital of Michigan Cardiology Center for the past two years (2010-2012) reveals that outpatient visits for new patient consultations examined by age groups are: less than 1 year of age – 11%; 1-5 years – 23%; 6-10 years – 21%; 11-18 years – 45%. Retrospective data collected from billing codes, as in this brief survey, may imprecise. However, it does provide a snapshot of the usual referral problems encountered by pediatric cardiologists. In our practice, the most common overall reason for referral in all ages was "heart murmur", constituting 26% of total referrals. Second were rhythm and rhythm related problems (inclusive of palpitations, abnormal ECG and diagnosed premature beats) constituted 19% of the total. In the age group of interest for this book of 11-18 years, the most common presenting issues were rhythm related (23%) and chest pain (23%), followed by syncope or dizziness (19%) and heart murmur (12%). Congenital heart disease diagnoses encountered in the 11 to 18 year age group comprised only 6.5% of referrals within that age group. It is likely that many of these were not new diagnoses (with a few exceptions), but rather represented transfers to our practice. Our own outpatient clinical experience reveals that the majority of outpatients referred by pediatricians for pediatric cardiology evaluation are between the ages of 11 and 18. The majority of these new referrals are not for congenital heart disease. Our intent for this edition of Pediatric Clinics of North America is to describe the types of problems which seem to be of concern to the pediatric community within this age group and to describe strategies for evaluation.

Providing a state-of-the-art account of the nature, distribution and determinants of sports injury in children and adolescents, this unique volume uses the public health model to describe the scope of the injury problem and the associated risk factors and evaluate the current research on injury prevention strategies as described in the literature. Thoughtfully divided in six sections, the nature of the young athlete and epidemiology of pediatric and adolescent sports injury are described first. Then an overview of the most common types of youth sports injuries as well as more serious injuries (e.g., concussions) and outcomes is presented, followed by a discussion of injury causation and prevention. Suggestions for future research rounds out the presentation. Each chapter is illustrated with tables which make it easy to examine injury factors between studies. Throughout, the editors and contributors have taken an evidence-based approach and adopted a uniform methodology to assess the data available. Ideal for physicians, physical therapists, athletic trainers and sports scientists alike, Injury in Pediatric and Adolescent Sports concisely and accurately presents the situation faced by clinicians treating young athletes and the challenges they face in keeping up with this growing and active population. Furthermore, the information in this book will be useful to allied health researchers and sport governing bodies as an informed basis for continued epidemiological study and implementation of injury prevention initiatives designed to reduce the incidence and severity of injuries encountered by young athletes.

With collaboration of Dr. Bonita Stanton, Drs. Coppes and Fisher-Owens have created a current issue that looks at oral health in children, with a much needed update in the literature for pediatricians. Top experts have contributed clinical reviews on the following topics: Oral Health and Development; Infant Oral Health and the Influence of Habits; Prevention of tooth decay; Fluoride; Caries; Disparities in Children’s Oral Health (including Oral Health of Native Children); Children with Special Health Care Needs; Orthodontics; Oral Manifestations of Systemic Disease (specific to pediatrics and life course); Soft Tissue; Trauma; The Role of Primary Care Physicians (pediatricians and others) in Prevention Oral Disease; and Oral Health Care/Policies. Pediatricians will come away with the current clinical recommendations they need to improve oral health in children.