This Ada 95 Reference Manual is essentially identical to the new International Standard ISO/IEC 8652:1995(E) for the Ada programming language. The thorough technical revisions and extensions documented in this manual are built on broad participation from the international Ada community and generous support by leading institutions. Over 750 submitted revision requests were evaluated, and the resulting enhancements make Ada 95 an outstanding language. The flexibility of languages such as C++, modern features such as object orientation, and improved interfacing capabilities have been added to the reliable software engineering capabilities provided and proven for over a decade by the predecessor version Ada 83; furthermore, upward compatibility from Ada 83 to Ada 95 has been achieved.

The Ada 2005 Reference Manual combines the International Standard ISO/IEC 8652/1995(E) for the programming language Ada with the corrections of the Technical Corrigendum 1 approved by ISO in February 2001 and with the Amendment 1 expected to be approved by ISO in late 2006 or early 2007. Both the Technical Corrigendum 1 and the Amendment 1 list only the changes made to the International Standard.

The Ada 2012 Reference Manual is an enhanced version of the text of International Standard ISO/IEC 8652/2012(E) for the programming language Ada. The Ada 2012 Reference Manual combines all of the previous corrections of Technical Corrigendum 1 and Amendment 1 with changes and additions that improve the capabilities of the language and the reliability of programs written in the language. The Ada 2012 Reference Manual will replace the former versions as an indispensable working companion for anybody using Ada professionally or learning and studying the language systematically.

This Ada 95 Reference Manual is essentially identical to the new International Standard ISO/IEC 8652:1995(E) for the Ada programming language. The thorough technical revisions and extensions documented in this manual are built on broad participation from the international Ada community and generous support by leading institutions. Over 750 submitted revision requests were evaluated, and the resulting enhancements make Ada 95 an outstanding language. The flexibility of languages such as C++, modern features such as object orientation, and improved interfacing capabilities have been added to the reliable software engineering capabilities provided and proven for over a decade by the predecessor version Ada 83; furthermore, upward compatibility from Ada 83 to Ada 95 has been achieved.

ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical 1 Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work. 2 In the field of information technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1. Draft International Standards adopted by the joint technical committee are circulated to national bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the national bodies casting a vote. International Standard ISO/IEC 8652 was prepared by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, 3 Information Technology. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 8652:1987), of which it constitutes a 4 technical revision. Annexes A to J form an integral part of this International Standard. Annexes K to P are for information 5 only. xi 15 June 2001 Foreword ISO/IEC 8652:1995(E) with COR.1:2000 — Ada Reference Manual Introduction 1 This is the Ada Reference Manual.