We are pleased to present the series A Textbook of Geography for Classes 6 to 8. This series has been written in strict conformity with the latest curriculum. The new curriculum deals with the development of children's understanding and appreciation of the world through a continuous interaction and exploration of the natural and human environment. It also aims at encouraging children to appreciate the interdependence of individuals, groups and communities and promotes a healthy respect for different types of cultures and ways of life of people around the world. This series endeavours to introduce the practical aspect of the subject, along with the text, through appropriate Diagrams, Pictures, Maps, Mind Maps (graphic organisers) and latest updates in the field of Geography. The series has been specially designed for the young learners to make the learning experience both enjoyable and informative. The nllant features of the booka In this sertas are - 1. Simple, lucid and student friendly language with scientific, logical and practical approach. 2. Precise and to-the-point contents are given to avoid unnecessary details. 3. Maps and diagrams have been kept simple and clear. 4. In most cases there are separate maps for different types of information instead of providing them in one map. 5. Map skills in regional geography play an important role in understanding the subject as well as laying foundation for the future Examinations. For all the continents covered in curriculum, Self Explanatory Colourful Maps with consolidated information have been given. For the convenience of the students and teachers, Practice Maps have been provided. 6. Colourful Mind Maps at the end of each lesson, give the gist of the lesson at a glance and are ideal for a quick revision. 7. Worksheets under Classwork have been introduced to comprehend the lesson. These are to be solved under the direct supervision of the teacher. 8. Comprehensive Exercise at the end of chapter contains all types of questions to consolidate learning. 9. Teacher's Resource Book containing answers of the exercise given at the back of each lesson is available. 10. As per the latest edition in the Board Examinations for ICSE, MCQ (Multiple Choice Questions) have been incorporated in the present set of books for 6th, 7th and 8th for exercise in the each chapter. The present set of books for classes 6, 7 and 8 is a continuation of my existing series of ICSE Geography for classes 9 and 10. This is a genuine effort to maintain the continuity in the ICSE syllabus from Classes 6 to 10 and prepare the students for the oncoming Board Examinations, right from class 6 onward. I hope to succeed in inculcating the interest and confidence amongst the students by providing the required guidance to achieve their ultimate goals. Any suggestions for improvement of the books are most welcome. -Author

A TEXTBOOK OF ICSE GEOGRAPHY for Class IX has been especially written to comply with the norms set by the Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations (ICSE) and it strictly conforms to the latest syllabus prescribed by the Council for the year. I have made sincere efforts giving explanations, instructions and guidelines so as to inculcate interest, understanding and self-confidence in the pupils and help them to prepare better for the examination. Salient features of this book are : • A student friendly and examination oriented book with scientific, logical and practical approach. The book has been updated with the latest information, till date. • All the chapters are given in simple language, using appropriate diagrams, coloured pictures and illustrations. • A complete set of solved maps in colour is given for ready reference. It is a compulsory question in Board Examination carrying 10 marks. It will serve as a helpline for the students. • A glossary of technical terms has been given at the end of each chapter for a better understanding of the subject. • A step-by-step guideline is given for the internal assessment, an integral part of the syllabus, i.e., three records (10 marks) and a sample project carrying 10 marks. • Teacher's Resource Book containing answers of the exercises given at the back of each lesson is available. • Sample Question Paper (solved) is given. • As per the latest addition in the Board Examinations for ICSE, MCQs (Multiple choice questions) have been incorporated for exercise in each chapter. It is my belief that this comprehensive book will provide an ideal platform for the interaction between the teachers and students. Any constructive suggestions for further improvement of the book are welcome. -Author

We are pleased to present the series A Textbook of Geography for Classes 6 to 8. This series has been written in strict conformity with the latest curriculum. The new curriculum deals with the development of children's understanding and appreciation of the world through a continuous interaction and exploration of the natural and human environment. It also aims at encouraging children to appreciate the interdependence of individuals, groups and communities and promotes a healthy respect for different types of cultures and ways of life of people around the world. This series endeavours to introduce the practical aspect of the subject, along with the text, through appropriate Diagrams, Pictures, Maps, Mind Maps (graphic organisers) and latest updates in the field of Geography. The series has been specially designed for the young learners to make the learning experience both enjoyable and informative. The nllant features of the booka In this sertas are - 1. Simple, lucid and student friendly language with scientific, logical and practical approach. 2. Precise and to-the-point contents are given to avoid unnecessary details. 3. Maps and diagrams have been kept simple and clear. 4. In most cases there are separate maps for different types of information instead of providing them in one map. 5. Map skills in regional geography play an important role in understanding the subject as well as laying foundation for the future Examinations. For all the continents covered in curriculum, Self Explanatory Colourful Maps with consolidated information have been given. For the convenience of the students and teachers, Practice Maps have been provided. 6. Colourful Mind Maps at the end of each lesson, give the gist of the lesson at a glance and are ideal for a quick revision. 7. Worksheets under Classwork have been introduced to comprehend the lesson. These are to be solved under the direct supervision of the teacher. 8. Comprehensive Exercise at the end of chapter contains all types of questions to consolidate learning. 9. Teacher's Resource Book containing answers of the exercise given at the back of each lesson is available. 10. As per the latest edition in the Board Examinations for ICSE, MCQ (Multiple Choice Questions) have been incorporated in the present set of books for 6th, 7th and 8th for exercise in the each chapter. The present set of books for classes 6, 7 and 8 is a continuation of my existing series of ICSE Geography for classes 9 and 10. This is a genuine effort to maintain the continuity in the ICSE syllabus from Classes 6 to 10 and prepare the students for the oncoming Board Examinations, right from class 6 onward. I hope to succeed in inculcating the interest and confidence amongst the students by providing the required guidance to achieve their ultimate goals. Any suggestions for improvement of the books are most welcome. -Author

We are pleased to present the series A Textbook of Geography for Classes 6 to 8. This series has been written in strict conformity with the latest curriculum. The new curriculum deals with the development of children's understanding and appreciation of the world through a continuous interaction and exploration of the natural and human environment. It also aims at encouraging children to appreciate the interdependence of individuals, groups and communities and promotes a healthy respect for different types of cultures and ways of life of people around the world. This series endeavours to introduce the practical aspect of the subject, along with the text, through appropriate Diagrams, Pictures, Maps, Mind Maps (graphic organisers) and latest updates in the field of Geography. The series has been specially designed for the young learners to make the learning experience both enjoyable and informative. The nllant features of the booka In this sertas are - 1. Simple, lucid and student friendly language with scientific, logical and practical approach. 2. Precise and to-the-point contents are given to avoid unnecessary details. 3. Maps and diagrams have been kept simple and clear. 4. In most cases there are separate maps for different types of information instead of providing them in one map. 5. Map skills in regional geography play an important role in understanding the subject as well as laying foundation for the future Examinations. For all the continents covered in curriculum, Self Explanatory Colourful Maps with consolidated information have been given. For the convenience of the students and teachers, Practice Maps have been provided. 6. Colourful Mind Maps at the end of each lesson, give the gist of the lesson at a glance and are ideal for a quick revision. 7. Worksheets under Classwork have been introduced to comprehend the lesson. These are to be solved under the direct supervision of the teacher. 8. Comprehensive Exercise at the end of chapter contains all types of questions to consolidate learning. 9. Teacher's Resource Book containing answers of the exercise given at the back of each lesson is available. 10. As per the latest edition in the Board Examinations for ICSE, MCQ (Multiple Choice Questions) have been incorporated in the present set of books for 6th, 7th and 8th for exercise in the each chapter. The present set of books for classes 6, 7 and 8 is a continuation of my existing series of ICSE Geography for classes 9 and 10. This is a genuine effort to maintain the continuity in the ICSE syllabus from Classes 6 to 10 and prepare the students for the oncoming Board Examinations, right from class 6 onward. I hope to succeed in inculcating the interest and confidence amongst the students by providing the required guidance to achieve their ultimate goals. Any suggestions for improvement of the books are most welcome. -Author

We are pleased to present the series A Textbook of Geography for Classes 6 to 8. This series has been written in strict conformity with the latest curriculum. The new curriculum deals with the development of children's understanding and appreciation of the world through a continuous interaction and exploration of the natural and human environment. It also aims at encouraging children to appreciate the interdependence of individuals, groups and communities and promotes a healthy respect for different types of cultures and ways of life of people around the world. This series endeavours to introduce the practical aspect of the subject, along with the text, through appropriate Diagrams, Pictures, Maps, Mind Maps (graphic organisers) and latest updates in the field of Geography. The series has been specially designed for the young learners to make the learning experience both enjoyable and informative. The nllant features of the booka In this sertas are - 1. Simple, lucid and student friendly language with scientific, logical and practical approach. 2. Precise and to-the-point contents are given to avoid unnecessary details. 3. Maps and diagrams have been kept simple and clear. 4. In most cases there are separate maps for different types of information instead of providing them in one map. 5. Map skills in regional geography play an important role in understanding the subject as well as laying foundation for the future Examinations. For all the continents covered in curriculum, Self Explanatory Colourful Maps with consolidated information have been given. For the convenience of the students and teachers, Practice Maps have been provided. 6. Colourful Mind Maps at the end of each lesson, give the gist of the lesson at a glance and are ideal for a quick revision. 7. Worksheets under Classwork have been introduced to comprehend the lesson. These are to be solved under the direct supervision of the teacher. 8. Comprehensive Exercise at the end of chapter contains all types of questions to consolidate learning. 9. Teacher's Resource Book containing answers of the exercise given at the back of each lesson is available. 10. As per the latest edition in the Board Examinations for ICSE, MCQ (Multiple Choice Questions) have been incorporated in the present set of books for 6th, 7th and 8th for exercise in the each chapter. The present set of books for classes 6, 7 and 8 is a continuation of my existing series of ICSE Geography for classes 9 and 10. This is a genuine effort to maintain the continuity in the ICSE syllabus from Classes 6 to 10 and prepare the students for the oncoming Board Examinations, right from class 6 onward. I hope to succeed in inculcating the interest and confidence amongst the students by providing the required guidance to achieve their ultimate goals. Any suggestions for improvement of the books are most welcome. -Author

I.C.S.E. Geography Map Practice Book for Class IX has been especially designed to comply with the norms set by the Council for the Indian Certificate of Secondary Education (I.C.S.E.) Examinations and it strictly conforms to the latest syllabus prescribed by the Council. Salient Features of the Book : • It provides complete guidance for learning map work - A compulsory question (carrying 10 marks) in the Board Examinations. • Practice Maps has been given for self-practice covering all aspects of syllabus as per examination requirements. • A complete set of solved 'Outline Map of the World' in colour is given for ready reference. • Pictures are given for each map depicting physical features. • Solved Practice Maps and Test Papers can also be accessed through given QR Code. I am sure this comprehensive and examination oriented practice book will provide an ideal platform for learning. It will inculcate interest, understanding and self-confidence amongst the students and provide the necessary guidance to students who are aspiring to achieve 100 marks in the examination. MAP WORK (WORLD MAP) SYLLABUS On an outline map of the world, candidates will be required to locate, mark and name the following : 1. The major Natural Regions of the world- Equatorial, Tropical Monsoon, Tropical Deserts, Mediterranean type, Temperate Grasslands, Tropical Grasslands, Taiga and Tundra. 2. The Oceans, Seas, Gulfs and Straits - all Major Oceans, Caribbean Sea, North Sea, Black Sea, Caspian Sea, South China Sea, Mediterranean Sea, Gulf of Carpentaria, Hudson Bay, Persian Gulf, Gulf of Mexico, Gulf of Guinea, Bering Strait, Strait of Gibraltar, Strait of Malacca. 3. Rivers - Mississippi, Colorado, Amazon, Paraguay, Nile, Zaire, Niger, Zambezi, Orange, Rhine, Volga, Danube, Murray, Darling, Hwang Ho, Yangtse Kiang, Ob, Indus, Ganga, Mekong, Irrawaddy, Tigris, Euphrates. 4. Mountains - Rockies, Andes, Appalachian, Alps, Himalayas, Pyrenees, Scandinavian Highlands, Caucasus, Atlas, Drakensburg, Khinghan, Zagros, Urals, Great Dividing Range. 5. Plateaus - Canadian Shield, Tibetan Plateau, Brazilian Highlands, Patagonian Plateau, Iranian Plateau, Mongolian Plateau. -Author

This book entitled "I.C.S.E. HISTORY AND CIVICS" is strictly based on the latest revised syllabus prescribed by the Council for the Indian School Certificate Examination for the students of Class IX. This book forms Paper I of the subjects Civics and History. It has been divided into two sections. Section A deals with the Civics portion of the syllabus and Section B deals with the History portion of the syllabus. This book aims • to provide an understanding of the working of the Indian government necessary for the student to grow into a responsible, enlightened citizen in a Secular democracy. • to enrich the understanding of those aspects of Indian historical development which are crucial to the understanding of contemporary India. • to awaken a desirable understanding in pupils of the various streams which have contributed to the development and growth of the Indian nation and its civilisation and culture. • to develop a world historical perspective of the contributions made by various cultures to the total heritage of mankind. The main features of this book are : • A simple style with a clear narrative and critical appreciation of all facts and events. • Numerous facts with dates and years, maps, pictures and illustrations given to make the content vivid and interesting. Latest pictures and information provided on each topic. • Lesson At a Glance, summarizes the entire lesson to help the students grasp the main points of the lesson. • Multiple Choice Questions, Short Answer Questions and Structured Essay 'Type Questions, at the end of each and every chapter, will test how far the students have understood the lesson. • A Sample Project has also been added in this new edition. • Questions have been added chapterwise under the heading Question Bank for the benefit of students. The solutions can be accessed through QR Code given at the end of each Chapter. I hope that the present volume shall find favour with both the teachers and the students like my other books published by Goyal Brothers Prakashan. Suggestions for improvement are welcome from teachers, students and other readers of this book. Author