This revision of the 1987 silvicultural guide (Leak et al. 1987) includes updated and expanded silvicultural information on northern hardwoods as well as additional information on wildlife habitat and the management of mixed-wood and northern hardwood-oak stands. The prescription methodology is simpler and more field-oriented. This guide also includes an appendix of familiar tables and charts useful to practicing field foresters. Northern hardwood forest types can be managed as even- or uneven-aged stands using a variety of silvicultural practices. In planning these practices, there are many factors to consider including access, species composition, desired regeneration, wildlife habitat needs and environmental concerns. The aim of this document is to provide guidelines to assist the manager in choosing the right methods to meet the landowner objectives consistent with stand conditions.

S2SIMSAP and SlMTlM are computer programs that have been developed to simulate the stand growth and development of natural and treated even-aged northern hardwood stands. SIMSAP begins with species distributions by quality classes in sapling stands after regeneration. SIMTIM, the poletimber-sawtimber-harvest phase, uses stocking guides based on quadratic mean stand diameter, number of trees, and basal area per acre of trees in the main crown canopy. Using available data, the connecting phases of the models have been tebted to determine the effects of silvicultural treatments (or no treatment) on long-term stand response. The models are coded in FORTRAN 77 and are available on mainframe and IBM compatible microcomputers with a minimum of 256 K.S3.