Al llarg dels últims anys, s'han observat nombroses senyals que suggereixen l'existència de Física més enllà del Model Estàndard en desintegracions semi-leptòniques de mesons B, mediades per transicions del tipus b --> sll. Més concretament, l'experiment LHCb, juntament amb altres experiments al LHC i col·laboracions externes com Belle, han trobat desviacions en les mesures experimentals de diferents observables d'important rellevància respecte les seves prediccions teòriques en el Model Estàndard. Parcialment, aquesta situació no es sorprenent, ja que en un conjunt gran de dades un sempre espera tenir un subconjunt en tensió amb les seves prediccions. No obstant, la importància de les observacions actuals és que totes aquestes tensions formen un patró coherent apuntant cap a "una direcció privilegiada". Per aquesta raó, els anàlisis globals d'aquestes dades mostren una discrepància general de més de 5sigmes respecte el Model Estàndard Per estudiar aquestes tensions de manera consistent, treballem des del marc del Hamiltonià efectiu que descriu la dinàmica de les transicions b --> sll. Aquesta descripció, conceptualment senzilla, ens permet descriure qualsevol desintegració d'un mesó B, que procedeixi a través de l'anterior transició, en base a un conjunt reduït de paràmetres. Precisament, aquest fet és el fa possible analitzar la totalitat dels observables on s'observen tensions de manera eficient per mitjà de fits globals.En aquesta Tesi, presentem la última versió dels anàlisis globals esmentats. Primer, descrivim el context teòric general que ens serveix de base per tots els nostres càlculs, fent especial èmfasi en l'estimació dels errors corresponents. I després, exposem els nostres resultats amb tota profunditat de detalls, així com comentem també les seves possibles implicacions.

This thesis presents two analyses of semileptonic b → sl+l− decays using Flavour Changing Neutral Currents (FCNCs) to test for the presence of new physics and lepton flavour universality, and the equality of couplings for different leptons, which on the basis of experimental evidence is assumed to hold in the Standard Model, free from uncertainties as a result of knowledge of the hadronic matrix elements. It also includes the angular analysis of Lambda_b->Lambda mumu decay and the RK* measurement, both of which are first measurements, not yet performed by any other experiment.

The study of b quarks has now reached a stage where it is useful to review what has been learned so far and also to look at the implications of future studies. The most important observations thus far measurement of the B lifetime, B0 B0 mixing, and the observation of b? u transitions, as well as more mundane results on hadronic and semileptonic transitions are described in detail by experimentalists who have been closely involved with the measurements. Theoretical progress in understanding b quark decays, including the mechanisms of hadronic and semileptonic decays, are described. Synthesizing the experimental and theoretical information, the authors discuss tests of the standard model and measurements of standard model parameters. Possibilities of more extensive tests using measurement of CP violation in the B system are also addressed.

After the Big Bang matter and antimatter were present in equal amounts. Today, however, everything we see, is made almost entirely of matter. A fundamental ingredient to explain this asymmetry between matter and antimatter is the violation of the CP (Charge Parity) symmetry. CP violation has been observed but quantitatively not enough to explain the huge asymmetry. The Belle II experiment in Japan studies the particles produced in electron-positron collisions at the SuperKEKB collider, the highest intensity collider in the World, allowing a high precision measurements of the known sources of CP violation and looking for new ones. In my PhD, I worked on measuring the CP violation in B meson radiative decays (decays with photon in final state) particularly promising thanks to their high sensitivity to possible new processes. Following this analysis, I started a new measurement of the B mesons lifetime where I could verify the robustness of the tools used in the CP violation measurement.

This 2nd edition is an extensive update of "B Decays?. The revisions are necessary because of the extensive amount of new data and new theoretical ideas. This book reviews what is known about b-quark decays and also looks at what can be learned in the future.The importance of this research area is increasing, as evidenced by the approval of the luminosity upgrade for CESR and the asymmetric B factories at SLAC and KEK, and the possibility of experiments at hadron colliders.The key experimental observations made thus far, measurement of the lifetimes of the different B species, B0-B0 mixing, the discovery of ?Penguin? mediated decays, and the extraction of the CKM matrix elements Vub and Vcb from semileptonic decays, as well as more mundane results, are described in great detail by the experimentalists who have been closely involved with making the measurements. Theoretical progress in understanding b-quark decays using HQET and lattice gauge techniques are described by theorists who have developed and used these techniques.Synthesizing the experimental and theoretical information, several articles discuss the implications for the ?Standard Model? and how further tests can be done using measurements of CP violation in the B system.

This is the first book to discuss the search for new physics in charged leptons, neutrons, and quarks in one coherent volume. The area of indirect searches for new physics is highly topical; though no new physics particles have yet been observed directly at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN, the methods described in this book will provide researchers with the necessary tools to keep searching for new physics. It describes the lines of research that attempt to identify quantum effects of new physics particles in low-energy experiments, in addition to detailing the mathematical basis and theoretical and phenomenological methods involved in the searches, whilst making a clear distinction between model-dependent and model-independent methods employed to make predictions. This book will be a valuable guide for graduate students and early-career researchers in particle and high energy physics who wish to learn about the techniques used in modern predictions of new physics effects at low energies, whilst also serving as a reference for researchers at other levels. Key features: • Takes an accessible, pedagogical approach suitable for graduate students and those seeking an overview of this new and fast-growing field • Illustrates common theoretical trends seen in different subfields of particle physics • Valuable both for researchers in the phenomenology of elementary particles and for experimentalists