This volume combines Rousseau's essay on the origin of diverse languages with Herder's essay on the genesis of the faculty of speech. Rousseau's essay is important to semiotics and critical theory, as it plays a central role in Jacques Derrida's book Of Grammatology, and both essays are valuable historical and philosophical documents.

"Rousseau’s Essay on the Origin of Languages is a masterful work of comparative linguistics that opened up new avenues of inquiry in the field." - Noam Chomsky A new 2023 translation into English from the original manuscripts of Rousseau's classic and influential L'Essai sur l'origine des langues (Essay on the Origin of Languages).

Additionally, Rousseau's essay is an important text for semiotics and modern critical theory, as it plays a very important role in Jacques Derrida's book Of Grammatology. Rousseau supplements his discussion of the origin of languages with theories about the origins of music, melody and harmony, and the relationship of languages to government.

Two contemporary philosophers take two very different approaches to Jean-Jacques Rousseau's Essay on the Origin of Languages, and then each reflects upon the approach of the other. Barry Stocker takes a deconstructionist approach, discussing the importance of Rousseau in the work of Jacques Derrida. John Bolender approaches Rousseau's Essay in terms of cognitive science, most especially in light of the theories of Noam Chomsky and Alan Page Fiske. Both authors agree that Rousseau's Essay still has much to teach us.