The purpose of this study was to examine whether participants can form impressions and make inferences about a hotel based only on the physical environment or design of the hotel lobby. The study investigated how the interior arrangement, furnishings and other aspects of hotel lobbies influenced participants' first impressions and their inferences about the hotel as a whole. The lobby was selected because this is the first area inside the hotel that consumers see and therefore it is important for creating impressions. The specific objectives of this study were: to determine if the physical environment of the hotel lobbies could influence participants' overall perception of the hotels, to investigate what holistic perception participants reported about the hotels based on the design of their lobbies, and to investigate whether the physical environment of hotel lobbies is important in impression formation and in communicating the image of the hotels. In the present study, impression formation theory provided a theoretical framework for understanding how impressions were formed and how extended inferences were made. The theory provided the basis of understanding how people use physical environment cues to form impressions and make inferences about their environment. The participants of the study consisted of eight (8) males and 43 female undergraduate students enrolled during Spring Term, 2002, at Oregon State University. Instead of experiencing the real situation, participants were shown four (4) pictures of actual hotel lobbies and asked to form their impressions and make their extended inferences about the whole hotels based on the lobbies. The pictures selected showed variation in the interior space and components of the hotel lobbies, such as lighting, ceiling, floor, walls, architectural style, and furniture arrangement. The participants were shown one picture at a time projected on a screen in the front of the room. The order in which the participants saw the pictures was varied with each group to account for order effect. The pictures were shown in the following order; ABCD, DCBA, CADB and BDAC, one group at a time. Each picture was shown for approximately three minutes. After explaining the procedure to the participants, the researcher asked them to record their first impressions and make extended inferences about the hotel by responding to open-ended questions. They wrote statements about the first things that came to their minds when seeing the pictures of the hotel lobbies. Data collection took about 10-15 minutes for each session. The responses from the open-ended questionnaire were content analyzed according to themes that emerged from the responses for each slide. The emergent themes were reported and discussed based on the objectives of the study. Most of the impressions formed were shared by the participants regardless of their class standing, number of times they had stayed in a hotel recently, and their current major. Even though gender comparison was not made due to few male participants, the researcher observed that the males' impressions were more physical, whereas female's impressions were more emotional. That is, the males looked more at the design, available amenities and facilities, whereas females also commented on the friendliness, warmth and coziness of the hotel. When asked to, participants were able to form impressions about the entire hotels based on ambient factors in the lobbies such as lighting and cleanliness, and on design factors such as style and layout, space, color, architecture and other factors. Impressions were also made with regard to social factors, such as clientele and service personnel. Responses about the characteristics of the clientele ranged from families to business people, rich people and others. Participants were able to make inferences about the general atmosphere, cleanliness, type of customer service, available amenities and facilities, price of hotel rooms, possible location of the hotel, clientele, the size and decor of the guest rooms, and comfort and spaciousness, based only on their impressions of the hotel lobbies when prompted. They were also able to attach emotional, economic and physical feelings to their impressions. The findings of the study indicated that the environment of the hotel lobby might be rich in cues that are important in communicating image and suggesting impressions of the hotel. The study concluded that the design of the lobby might very well determine the approach or avoidance behavior of guests and potential guests. The quality of the environmental cues may also be important in communicating the quality and nature of service the hotel offers and the image it intends to portray. Therefore, in order to increase business, the environments of hotel lobbies should be designed to elicit approach behavior from guests or potential guests.

This volume in the Interior Architecture series explores the architectural significance of hotels throughout history and how their material construction has reflected and facilitated the social and cultural practices for which they are renowned. Including case studies addressing contemporary developments in hotel planning and design, and illustrated throughout, this volume is an innovative and insightful contribution to architectural and interior design literature.

This study identifies the underlying atmospheric elements of hotel lobbies that influence a customer's impression and examines the influence of "openness" as one of the personality traits on customer's impression in Convention and Boutique hotels. A scenario approach was used to collect the data whereby photographs of the hotel lobbies were shown to Indonesian and Malaysian respondents who had experienced hotel stay. The results show that "Lighting" dimension is the most influential factor on lobby impression for both Convention and Boutique hotels. Besides "style" was found as the lowest considered dimension in Convention Hotels, whereas "style" and "colors" were found as the lowest dimensions in Boutique Hotels. The overall lobby impression of Boutique Hotels was found to be higher than that of Convention Hotels. The results also show that Openness as a personality trait has a low positive influence on customer's lobby impression. The findings of this study highlight the importance of hotel design features. Since "lighting" dimension is found to be such an important dimension for both hotel types, the designers of these two kinds of hotels should highlight this dimension to attract the customers. Limitations of this study, its implications and future research directions are highlighted.

Hotel Design, Planning and Development presents the most significant hotels developed internationally in the last ten years so that you can be well-informed of recent trends. The book outlines essential planning and design considerations based on the latest data, supported by technical information and illustrations, including original plans, so you can really study what works. The authors provide analysis and theory to support each of the major trends they present, highlighting how the designer’s work fits into the industry's development as a whole. Extensive case studies demonstrate how a successful new concept is developed. Hotel Design, Planning and Development gives you a thorough overview of this important and fast-growing sector of the hospitality industry.

As Its predecessor has done for the last fifteen years, this book will serve as the "go-to" guide for architects, planners, and developers involved in hotel projects. It offers an overview of the industry; in-depth analysis of emerging trends; the latest how-to; and essential design, planning, and development criteria.

The 2019 International Conference on National Brand & Private Label Marketing is a unique academic forum for presenting and discussing original, rigorous and significant contributions from researchers around the world on marketing issues that retailers, store brand managers and national brand managers are facing. The three-day event covered a wide range of topics from varied fields including retailing, marketing, general business, psychology, economics and statistics. Further, it addressed diverse areas of application such as innovation, retail market structure, social media, consumer decision-making, store loyalty, assortment size, digital transformation, ethical aspects, cultural dimensions, and private label pricing. This volume gathers the proceedings of the 2019 NB&PL marketing conference in a collection of outstanding contributions that employ a wide variety of theoretical and methodological approaches.

An original study of exile, told through the biography of Austrian writer Stefan Zweig By the 1930s, Stefan Zweig had become the most widely translated living author in the world. His novels, short stories, and biographies were so compelling that they became instant best sellers. Zweig was also an intellectual and a lover of all the arts, high and low. Yet after Hitler’s rise to power, this celebrated writer who had dedicated so much energy to promoting international humanism plummeted, in a matter of a few years, into an increasingly isolated exile—from London to Bath to New York City, then Ossining, Rio, and finally Petrópolis—where, in 1942, in a cramped bungalow, he killed himself. The Impossible Exile tells the tragic story of Zweig’s extraordinary rise and fall while it also depicts, with great acumen, the gulf between the world of ideas in Europe and in America, and the consuming struggle of those forced to forsake one for the other. It also reveals how Zweig embodied, through his work, thoughts, and behavior, the end of an era—the implosion of Europe as an ideal of Western civilization.